Dear Friends,
Here is a detailed explanation to this question-
Bunuel wrote:
Through experimenting designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene.
(A) Through experimenting designed to provide information that will ultimately prove
(B) Through experiments designed to provide information ultimately proving
(C) In experimentation designed to provide information that ultimately proves
(D) In experimenting designed to provide information ultimately proving
(E) In experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove
(SC01493)
Meaning is crucial to solving this problem:Understanding the intended meaning is key to solving this question; the intended meaning of this sentence is that as a part of experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene.
Concepts tested here: Meaning + Tenses + Verb Forms + Awkwardness/Redundancy• The simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
• The simple present tense is used to indicate actions taking place in the current time frame, indicate habitual actions, state universal truths, and convey information that is permanent in nature.
A: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "Through experimenting"; the use of "Through" incorrectly implies that
by using experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene; the intended meaning is that
as a part of experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene. Further, Option A uses the needlessly indirect term "experimenting", leading to awkwardness.
B: This answer choice alters the meaning of the sentence through the phrase "Through experiments; the use of "Through" incorrectly implies that
by using experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene; the intended meaning is that
as a part of experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene. Further, Option B incorrectly uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "proving" in this sentence) construction "ultimately proving" to refer to an action that will take place in the future; remember, the simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future.
C: This answer choice incorrectly uses the simple present tense verb "proves" to refer to an action that will take place in the future; remember, the simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future, and the simple present tense is used to indicate actions taking place in the current time frame, indicate habitual actions, state universal truths, and convey information that is permanent in nature. Further, Option C uses the needlessly indirect term "experimentation", leading to awkwardness.
D: This answer choice incorrectly uses the present participle ("verb+ing" - "proving" in this sentence) construction "ultimately proving" to refer to an action that will take place in the future; remember, the simple future tense is used to refer to actions that will take place in the future. Further, Option D uses the needlessly indirect term "experimenting", leading to awkwardness.
E: This answer choice uses the phrase "In experiments", conveying the intended meaning - that
as a part of experiments designed to provide information that will ultimately prove useful in the treatment of hereditary diseases, mice have received bone marrow transplants that give them a new gene. Further, Option E correctly uses the simple future tense verb "will prove" to refer to an action that will take place in the future. Additionally, Option E is free of any awkwardness or redundancy.
Hence, C is the best answer choice.To understand the concept of "Simple Tenses" on GMAT, you may want to watch the following video (~2 minutes):
All the best!
Experts' Global Team
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