jabhatta2 wrote:
Hey
GMATGuruNY -- but in this example too, i thought (i) is right and (ii) is wrong
In this case too - i dont see any Verbing or Verbed in the introductory modifier - but the subject of the noun HAS to follow oo
Is the 2nd sentence really okay ?
My general rule was -- whenver you see an introductory modifier -- make sure the subject is right after comma
Now - i am confused what the rule
should be after seeing this problem
Quote:
(i) An expert in astro-physics, Steven Hawkins concluded xxxxxx
vs
(ii) An expert in astro-physics, xxxxx was concluded by Steven Hawkins
(ii) is flat-out wrong.
An
appositive is a noun or noun phrase that explains or defines another noun or noun phrase.
Similar to the VERBing rule in my earlier post:
If a sentence begins with an appositive, the referent for the appositive must begin the main clause.
In (ii),
an expert is intended to serve as an appositive for
Stephen Hawking.
Conveyed meaning:
Stephen Hawking = an expert
For this reason,
Stephen Hawking must begin the main clause, as in (i).
To generalize:
If an introductory modifier includes a word that requires a grammatical referent -- and the referent is not contained within the introductory modifier -- then the intended referent should begin the main clause.
SC7 in the OG12:
As its sales of computer products have surpassed those of measuring instruments, the company has become increasingly willing to compete.Here,
its requires a grammatical referent, and the referent is not contained within the introductory modifier.
For this reason, the intended referent --
the company -- begins the main clause.
OA:
Despite the steady population flow from rural areas to urban clusters, there are still nearly 5 million farm households in Japan.Here, nothing in the introductory green modifier requires a grammatical referent.
Thus, the main clause does not have to begin with a particular subject.
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