anupamadw wrote:
PathFinder007 wrote:
Consumer Advocate: Elderly patients with advanced Alzheimer’s were found to have high levels of aluminum in their brains. Aluminum is a common element in home cookware, and it has been proven that small particles of aluminum are loosened and consumed when this cookware is used. Therefore, if aluminum cookware is banned, we should see a reduction in new Alzheimer’s cases.
The answer to each of the following questions would be useful in assessing the Consumer Advocate’s conclusion EXCEPT
To what extent does ingested aluminum make its way to the brain?
Does Alzheimer’s disease lead to the development of aluminum deposits in the brain?
Do elderly individuals without Alzheimer’s disease typically have high levels of aluminum in their brains?
Do Alzheimer’s patients in countries where aluminum cookware is not used have high levels of aluminum in their brains?
Do patients in earlier stages of Alzheimer’s have lower levels of aluminum in their brains than patients with advanced Alzheimer’s?
Hello Experts
Kindly help me with this question.
Conclusion : aluminum in brain causes the Alzheimer’s.
I chose A.
Because it does not mention anything abt Alzheimer’s.
Where as E shows relationship between Alzheimer’s and aluminum.
How to eliminate A?
Hi
anupamadw,
Not sure if my reasoning will help you at this point. Nevertheless, find below my explanation.
This is an "Evaluate" Question. In this type of question, the answer choice is a question and every question can have two outcomes (+ ve and -ve). The 2 outcomes of the answer choice must affect the argument in the opposite way.
A. To what extent does ingested aluminum make its way to the brain? -
+ve - If a great extent of ingested aluminum makes its way to the brain, then the conclusion is right. (i.e ingesting small particles of aluminum is the cause for the disease and banning aluminum cookware will help to reduce the no of new patients)
-ve - However if none or negligible amount of ingested aluminum makes its way to the brain (i.e The aluminum accumulation is not because of what you eat and it is due to some other process) then banning aluminum is not going to be of any effect. The conclusion is wrong. Based on the answer to this question. The argument is either strengthened or weakened. Hence this helps in the evaluation of the conclusion.
B. Does Alzheimer’s disease lead to the development of aluminum deposits in the brain? - Cause and effect is interchanged.
+ve - If yes, then development of aluminum is the effect and not the cause so the conclusion is wrong
_ve - If no, then the conclusion is rightC. Do elderly individuals without Alzheimer’s disease typically have high levels of aluminum in their brains?
+ve - If Yes, It means presence of aluminum is not the cause for the disease and the conclusion is wrong
-ve - If no, then the conclusion is rightD. Do Alzheimer’s patients in countries where aluminum cookware is not used have high levels of aluminum in their brains?
+ve - If yes, Then the aluminum in the brain is not due to the cookware and the conclusion is wrong
-ve - If no, then the conclusion is rightE. Do patients in earlier stages of Alzheimer’s have lower levels of aluminum in their brains than patients with advanced Alzheimer’s?
Whether +ve or -ve, does not affect the argument as it is talking about the levels of aluminum in patients and not whether the cookware is the cause. Hence irrelevant - Correct
Let me know if this helps