after which, a noun modifier is needed. Only , which is correct here. --> B

This is exactly what I needed to know for the question. If I had known this grammar rule I think I would have gotten the question right!

B..

relative pronoun which is used to modify the immediately preceding noun weather.
present participle- slowing is correctly used to describe the activity of weather.

Please have a look at MGMAT SC book Ed. 4 page 91 (chapter 6 on modifiers).
My take is on B because "which" must refer to the word just preceding the comma. Also 'ing' form is correctly used to display the result or an outcome of some happening!!!

'.. slowing the growth' seems to refer to the researchers
e.g. Researchers blamed poor health conditions on poor dietary habits, concluding that better diet would help save lives. --> Here, Researchers conclude => 'concluding ...' refers to researchers.
Dan identified the problem, using the latest technology --> again comma+verbing tells how Dan identified the problem; 'using ...' doesn't refer to problem here
Do you mean that the sentence (in question) structure like this:
I saw dogs dancing on the road --> here, "dancing on the road" refers to dogs
I saw cats and dogs dancing on the road --> "dancing on the road" still refers to dogs only. so, essentially, the sentence would mean i saw cats and dancing dogs.
So, to make the sentence mean dancing cats and dancing dogs, we'd have t introduce comma, and it'll look something like this:
I saw cats and dogs, dancing on the road. Does 'dancing on the road' refer to cats and dogs both? Isn't "dancing .." ambiguous since it could refer to "I" (that is i was cats and dogs while i was dancing) or "cats and dogs" (that is I saw dancing cats and dancing dogs)?

Please clarify the confusion: in one, ', verb+ing ...' modifies the subject and in the other, the object. thanks in advance.

GMATNinja,

Is " R blamed on lake t and on the weather" correct ? Shouldn't it be "blamed to"

Researchers blamed the low rate of growth in the harbor's toad population on lake toxicity as well as on the weather.
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