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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
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Conclusion:- the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.

A. Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
-- how many donors they had contacted , we have to make multiple assumptions to relate this statement to conclusion
B. The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years. -- Irrelevant
C. Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities. -- Irrelevant
D. Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact. -- so what ? getting new contacts doesnt mean they are successful or unsuccessful ?
E. The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.
-- majority of donations ( focussed part ) come from new people i.e, their canvassing effort is good and thus weakens conclusion

IMO . E
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
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WaitingSurprises wrote:
Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.
(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.
(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.
(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.


Conclusion : we have lazy fund raisers, did not do a good job!

Our job is to find evidence that they are DILIGENT fund-raisers!.

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past. Doesn't give info about lazy or diligent. Not sufficient info, incorrect.

(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years. This strengthens - if the amount of money related to COUNT people who donate..

(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.
Who cares :lol:

(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact. One-million question : Do they contact that new names? Or just "nice to have"?

(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.[/quote]
Ahaaa! They are not lazy! They give the best effort to reach as many people!

Hope it helps.
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
VeritasKarishma wrote:
WaitingSurprises wrote:
Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.
(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.
(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.
(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.


Fund-raisers got donations from 80% of people they contacted. (So they contacted 100 people and asked them for donation - 80 agreed. We don't know who these 100 people were - how many were new/ how many were old - not known)
80% is the expected conversion rate if only past donors are contacted.
But good fund-raisers contact less likely prospects (new) to expand the donor base.

Conclusion: High success rate shows insufficient canvassing effort. It seems that the fund raisers contacted only old donors and didn't try to expand the donor base.

The argument is trying to tell us that the 80% conversion rate shows that the fund-raisers contacted only old donors and did not try to expand donor base. So they lacked in effort.

We need to weaken the argument - so we need an option that tells us something like they did contact new potential donors too and were successful in getting them onboard.

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.

Of the 100, 80 made donations and 20 did not. Of these 20, majority were old donors so say 15 were old donors. This just works well with our conclusion that the fund raisers contacted only the old donors. It doesn't weaken our conclusion.

(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.

Our argument talks about canvassing effort (how many and which people were contacted) and conversion rate of effort. Amount of money raised is not relevant.

(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.

Again, size of donations is irrelevant. Donor base needed to be expanded.

(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.

Irrelevant how the potential new donor names are obtained.

(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.

So of the 80 people who donated, more than 40 were new donors. So new donors were contacted and donor base was increased. Hence, there may not have been a lack of effort. This weakens the conclusion.

Answer (E)


VeritasKarishma

Argument : High Success rate (80%) shows --------- Insufficient effort has been made (by contacting More likely prospect past donors)

My reason for eliminating choice A is that the argument overall is concerned about the 80%, from whom the donations have been received, not the other 20% . These 20% do not impact my conclusion on the whole, what would actually strengthen or weaken my conclusion is the Type of donors ( past/new) contacted for those 80% success rate.

Do you think my logic is correct and if it is not, can you explain to to me how those 20% would matter?
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
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sahilbhatia21 wrote:
VeritasKarishma wrote:
WaitingSurprises wrote:
Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.
(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.
(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.
(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.


Fund-raisers got donations from 80% of people they contacted. (So they contacted 100 people and asked them for donation - 80 agreed. We don't know who these 100 people were - how many were new/ how many were old - not known)
80% is the expected conversion rate if only past donors are contacted.
But good fund-raisers contact less likely prospects (new) to expand the donor base.

Conclusion: High success rate shows insufficient canvassing effort. It seems that the fund raisers contacted only old donors and didn't try to expand the donor base.

The argument is trying to tell us that the 80% conversion rate shows that the fund-raisers contacted only old donors and did not try to expand donor base. So they lacked in effort.

We need to weaken the argument - so we need an option that tells us something like they did contact new potential donors too and were successful in getting them onboard.

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.

Of the 100, 80 made donations and 20 did not. Of these 20, majority were old donors so say 15 were old donors. This just works well with our conclusion that the fund raisers contacted only the old donors. It doesn't weaken our conclusion.

(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.

Our argument talks about canvassing effort (how many and which people were contacted) and conversion rate of effort. Amount of money raised is not relevant.

(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.

Again, size of donations is irrelevant. Donor base needed to be expanded.

(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.

Irrelevant how the potential new donor names are obtained.

(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.

So of the 80 people who donated, more than 40 were new donors. So new donors were contacted and donor base was increased. Hence, there may not have been a lack of effort. This weakens the conclusion.

Answer (E)


VeritasKarishma

Argument : High Success rate (80%) shows --------- Insufficient effort has been made (by contacting More likely prospect past donors)

My reason for eliminating choice A is that the argument overall is concerned about the 80%, from whom the donations have been received, not the other 20% . These 20% do not impact my conclusion on the whole, what would actually strengthen or weaken my conclusion is the Type of donors ( past/new) contacted for those 80% success rate.

Do you think my logic is correct and if it is not, can you explain to to me how those 20% would matter?


The 20% matter only to the extent that they give us some information about the type of people who were contacted. Our conclusion is about "insufficient canvassing effort". So it is about the entire 100 who were contacted. So some information about 20 of these may not be completely irrelevant.
e.g.
If we know that all 20 were new people, then we can say that at least some canvassing effort was made to widen the donor base.
If we know that all 20 were old donors, then that gives an idea that perhaps new people were not contacted.

Option (A) tells us that most fo these 20 were old donors so it seems that new people were not contacted (new people are less likely to make contributions so one would expect more of them to be in the 20). This goes well with our conclusion and does not weaken it.
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
Type: weaken the conclusion

Conclusion: the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.


(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
- does not help weaken the conclusion.
(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.
- irrelevant to the conclusion drawn.
(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities. - irrelevant to the conclusion.
(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.
- describing the role of a fund-raiser does not help us weaken the conclusion. In fact, such a description is irrelevant.
(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before. - BINGO. if the majority of the donors who contributed this year (and hence major drivers of this year's high success rate) are those people who have never donated before, then (E) would imply that the fund-raisers have contacted lots of potential donors who have never donated before, hence giving reason to weaken the idea that the fund-raisers did not do a sufficient job. Therefore, (E) is the right answer choice.


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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
KarishmaB wrote:
WaitingSurprises wrote:
Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument?

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.
(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.
(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.
(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.
(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.


Fund-raisers got donations from 80% of people they contacted. (So they contacted 100 people and asked them for donation - 80 agreed. We don't know who these 100 people were - how many were new/ how many were old - not known)
80% is the expected conversion rate if only past donors are contacted.
But good fund-raisers contact less likely prospects (new) to expand the donor base.

Conclusion: High success rate shows insufficient canvassing effort. It seems that the fund raisers contacted only old donors and didn't try to expand the donor base.

The argument is trying to tell us that the 80% conversion rate shows that the fund-raisers contacted only old donors and did not try to expand donor base. So they lacked in effort.

We need to weaken the argument - so we need an option that tells us something like they did contact new potential donors too and were successful in getting them onboard.

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past.

Of the 100, 80 made donations and 20 did not. Of these 20, majority were old donors so say 15 were old donors. This just works well with our conclusion that the fund raisers contacted only the old donors. It doesn't weaken our conclusion.

(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years.

Our argument talks about canvassing effort (how many and which people were contacted) and conversion rate of effort. Amount of money raised is not relevant.

(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities.

Again, size of donations is irrelevant. Donor base needed to be expanded.

(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact.

Irrelevant how the potential new donor names are obtained.

(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.

So of the 80 people who donated, more than 40 were new donors. So new donors were contacted and donor base was increased. Hence, there may not have been a lack of effort. This weakens the conclusion.

Answer (E)


Please find my comments below for the premise and option choice E

Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past.

Ans Choice E and last line
Doesn't the last line means that 100 donors had donated in the past out of which 80 donors donated. But option choice E says that majority came from donors that didnt pay last year.

100( donated last year) 100( didnt donate)
80- donated this yr 90 - donated this year
Hence, majority came from donors who didnt donate????
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Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
Isn't option E just talking about donations and not about donors?
What if only 2 new donors were approached and they donated the highest amount?

This would still not help in weakening the conclusion that the canvassing effort was low.
Please help.
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
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arya251294 wrote:
Isn't option E just talking about donations and not about donors?
What if only 2 new donors were approached and they donated the highest amount?

This would still not help in weakening the conclusion that the canvassing effort was low.
Please help.
GMATNinja ExpertsGlobal5

In (E), the "majority of the donations" talks about the number of donations, not the amount of those donations. For instance, if I was running a fundraiser and said that I received 100 "donations," I'm just talking about how many people donated, not how much they donated.

So, in this question, (E) is telling us that more than half of the people who donated had never given to the university before.

If (E) said something like "most of the money collected" instead of "the majority of the donations," then your scenario might be possible. But as written, (E) tells us that the fund-raisers put effort into expanding the donor base. That's why (E) is the correct answer.

I hope that helps!
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Re: Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations [#permalink]
Understanding the argument -
Southington University's fund-raisers succeeded in getting donations from 80 percent of the potential donors they contacted this year. Fact
This rate would be the expected rate if the only potential donors contacted were those who have donated in the past. Opinion
But good fund-raisers constantly contact less likely prospects in an effort to expand the donor base. We crossed the bridge with But. Another opinion.
Thus the high success rate, far from showing that the fund-raisers did a good job, shows insufficient canvassing effort. -main conclusion

We have to weaken the conclusion - the fundraisers didn't do a good job.

Option Elimination -

(A) Among potential donors contacted by Southington University's fund-raisers, the majority of those who did not make donations were people who had made donations to the university in the past. - If the majority of 20% are the ones who made donations in the past at best it strengthens the conclusion that the fundraisers only contacted the people who donated in the past.

(B) The amount of money raised by Southington University's fundraisers this year was lower than the amount they had raised in any of the previous several years. - The amount is not our concern. Out of scope.

(C) Individual donations made to Southington University this year were, on average, slightly larger than were average individual donations made to many other universities. - Size of individual donations is not our concern. Out of scope.

(D) Fund-raisers contacting past donors are not only to get new donations but also to get names of potential new donors to contact. We are concerned about what they did this year. What they do with the new donors next year - is not our concern. Moreover, if they are contacting past donors, in a way that strengthens the conclusion.

(E) The majority of the donations that fund-raisers succeeded in getting for Southington University were from who had never given to the university before.- Perfect. If the majority (>50%) are new donors then 80% is a pretty commendable number and it seems the fundraisers did a credible job.
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