Cheryn wrote:
thanks himanshu, (though i am not convinced with your reply , i am sorry) .i think, here it is actually referring to the compound eye .
btw, experts,
one more doubt is how with along with called xxxx referring to compound eye but not intricate structure... ( i have gone through earlier posts also nowhere it is mentioned "with" can refer to the noun in the prepositional phrase. even in the eg quoted
Visitors to the park have often looked up into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.
here, with is not referring to the branches it can modify either noun or preceding clause)
thanks
Hi
Cheryn and
HimanshuW11,
Well Many have discussed this question from getting to right answer, i wanted a different approach on this question , as to what all is wrong in the original sentence, and what is role played by each segment of sentence
First
Most replies that i have read above regarding role played by "helping" are stating that "helping blah blah blah " is modifying preceding clause. But what precedes 'helping" is not a clause its a noun phrase.
Second
there is another role played by verb+ing it can also modify preceding noun
Eg " Probus , wearing a black suite, enthralled everyone at the meeting. Clearly we see that verb-ing here is giving more information about the preceding noun.
In the original statement also , it plays the role of giving more information about noun ( i am not expert but logically this should be the role played by the verb -ing modifier)
The intricate structure of the compound insect eye, having hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia,
Now if we ask ourselves what is having hundreds of eyes ?
Structure is having something
Compound insect eye is having something .
So in my opinion we do have a modifier error ( ambiguity)
( actually i googled and learn about the structure of insect eye
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TU6bgQnTi18)
i was then clear that this modifier must logically refer to compound insect eye . Which means the complete eye is made up of / or is having number of small eyes. )
Correct answer choice .
The intricate structure of the compound insect eye,
with its hundreds of miniature eyes called ommatidia, { Modifier }
helps explain
why scientists have assumed ( this part modifies explain , giving more information about explain what )
that it evolved independently of the vertebrate eye { " that"dependent clause modifying “assumed }
Now " with " can either modify entire preceding clause or noun . Again notice what precedes "with" is not a clause , but a noun phrase. So definitely its modifying a noun . But which noun from the noun phrase does it modify.
remember the basic purpose of modifiers is to provide more information
Lets see.
It makes no sense to say
the complex structure (, with 100 of miniature eyes. blah blah ,) of compound insect eye .
the complex structure of compound insect eye , ( with 100 of miniature eyes. blah blah ). Yes this does make sense.
I don't know if this helps, but should you see any flaw please do point them so that i could learn too.
Comming to question you posted
Visitors to the park
have often
looked up into the leafy canopy
and
seen monkeys sleeping on the branches,
with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline.Now logically 'with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline' is modifying the preceding clause
Visitors have seen monkeys sleeping on the branches
Monkeys' arms and legs are hung like socks on a clothesline.
The way monkeys are sleeping on branches ( WITH ITS ARMS AND LEGS HANGING FROM BRANCHES ) its comparable to (SOCKS ON A CLOTHE LINE )
So arms and legs are imagined as socks and branches as cloth line
So " 'with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline" is modifying the preceding clause and the subject of that is monkey's
Again any flaws in above reasoning , let me know will learn and correct that.
Thanks
Probus