alimad wrote:
Alonso: the introduction of a new drug into the marketplace should be contingent upon our having a good understanding of its social impact. However, the social impact of the newly marketed antihistamine is far from clear. It is obvious, then, that there should be a general reduction in the pace of bringing to the marketplace new drugs that are now being created.
Which of the following, if true, most strengthens the argument?
A. The social impact of the new antihistamine is much better understood than that of the most new drugs being tested.
B. The social impact of some of the new drugs being tested is poorly understood.
C. The economic success of some drugs is inversely proportional to how well we understand their social impact.
D. The new antihistamine is chemically similar to some of the new drugs being tested.
E. The new antihistamine should be next on the market only if most new drugs being tested should be on the market also..
A) The social impact of the new antihistamine is much better understood than that of most new drugs being tested.In this context, if the social impact of the new antihistamine—which Alonso argues is far from clear—is actually much better understood than that of most new drugs being tested, this comparison significantly strengthens Alonso's argument for a general reduction in the pace of bringing to the marketplace new drugs that are now being created. It does so by establishing a baseline of understanding about social impacts that is worryingly low. If the antihistamine's social impact, which is considered unclear, is actually among the better-understood cases, then the lack of understanding regarding the social impact of other new drugs must be even more pronounced.
This reasoning suggests that if even the "better" cases are not clear enough, the situation is likely more dire for the majority of new drugs, thus strongly justifying the call for a more cautious approach in drug introduction to the market.
The implication here is that the issue of unclear social impacts is not an isolated incident but a systemic problem, making a compelling case for slowing down the drug approval process to ensure that the social impacts of new drugs are adequately understood. B) The social impact of some of the new drugs being tested is poorly understood.- While this statement appears to support Alonso's argument by suggesting that there is a lack of understanding of social impacts among new drugs, it doesn't necessarily strengthen the argument to the same degree as A. B indicates a problem with some new drugs, but it doesn't provide a basis for comparison or establish a standard. It suggests an issue but doesn't imply that the issue is systemic or that even the drugs with relatively better-understood impacts are still not understood well enough.
The critical difference is that A not only highlights a problem but also sets a comparative standard that amplifies the concern. It suggests that even when the social impact of a drug is better understood than most, it's still insufficient. This realization forces a reevaluation of the entire drug approval process, underscoring the argument's premise that a thorough understanding of social impacts is crucial before new drugs are introduced to the market.
B supports the argument by pointing out a problem but lacks the comparative impact that A provides, which more directly and forcefully backs the call for a cautious approach. This is why A is seen as the stronger choice for strengthening Alonso's argument.
C) The economic success of some drugs is inversely proportional to how well we understand their social impact.- While interesting,
this does not directly strengthen the argument about delaying drug introduction based on understanding of social impact. It introduces a separate issue (economic success versus understanding of social impact) that doesn't directly support the need for a general reduction in the pace of bringing new drugs to the marketplace.
D) The new antihistamine is chemically similar to some of the new drugs being tested.-
Chemical similarity does not directly relate to the argument about social impact. This statement does not strengthen the argument for a slowdown based on the clarity of social impact.
E) The new antihistamine should be next on the market only if most new drugs being tested should be on the market also.-
This statement seems to condition the introduction of the antihistamine on the readiness of other drugs but does not strengthen the argument about understanding social impact before market introduction.Therefore, option A is the correct answer.