The most widely known images of Yosemite National Park are those made

It depends on (a) whether the person the sentence is talking about is still alive and (b) whether that person is still performing the action discussed in the sentence.

1. Einstein, who continually attempted to argue against quantum mechanics...
Because Einstein is no longer alive, the past tense is appropriate.

2. X, who has continually attempted to argue against quantum mechanics...
If X is still alive and is still trying to argue against quantum mechanics, we can use the present perfect tense in this sentence.

Shouldn't be there comma after it? Isn't continually creating a modifier error?

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Continually just means regularly. You can read that part of the sentence like this:

Ansel Adams, who photographed it regularly...

If we add a comma after it, we'll get
Ansel Adams, who photographed it, regularly...

Can some please explain why C is wrong?

EducationAisle

Hey,

I eliminated choice B and C because "continually" is an adverb and after "and" there is nothing for the adverb to modify (there needs to be another verb after and).

Is this correct thinking? I am surprised no one in this forum talked about it. I instantly eliminated B and C because "continually" needs to modify how he photographed.

GMAT tests this concept often by puting an adverb after comparison or conjunction but there is nothing for the adverb to modify

Thank you

Hi DiyaDutta

Having seen many OG explanations, I would assume that C seems too wordy vs. option A.
Both sentences have the same meaning, but A looks much cleaner and sharper. And, unfortunately, our lovely GMAT prefers short and direct sentences.

Kudos please if my reply helped, even a little. Need to unlock those cool GMATCLUB tests, that were free this Thursday!

Well, in B and C, a case could be made that photographed it is elided after continually.

I would strike off B and C, primarily for redundancy.

Abhishek009,

is (Comma + WHO) acceptable syntax ?

I'm not sure if you're still looking for a reply, but yes, it is perfectly acceptable to put a comma before this type of who. The comma may in fact be necessary:

... Mahatma Gandhi who was one of the... ← This one is not correct. It seems to suggest that there were multiple Mahatma Gandhis.
... Mahatma Gandhi, who was one of the... ← This one just introduces some additional information about Mahatma Gandhi, without implying that there are other Mahatma Gandhis.

Keep in mind that this is a meaning call.

Are we choosing A over C just because of concision. Not able to understand why is C incorrect?

B and C are out because of parallelism issues. When we have a conjunction, we need both X and Y to be parallel. However, we have:

starting (adjective) and continually (adverb)

Moreover, these two sentences are redundant. If we're told Ansel Adams did something continuously, we don't need 'starting in his teenage years' -- this is already implied.

We can simply say 'continually from his teenage years on.'

Hello GMATNinja

Even after reading the entire thread for this question, I am unable to eliminate B and C. The only reason I understand is wordiness or awkwardness from the above discussion. Can you please share your thoughts on the two options.

Thanks for your help!

Hello virat03,

We hope this finds you well.

Having gone through the question and your query, we believe we can help resolve your doubt.

Your assessment here is actually correct. B and C are both grammatically correct; their only drawback is their awkward and needlessly wordy constructions. As we mentioned in our explanation, some students may believe that Options B and C are incorrect due to a supposed lack of parallelism between the present participle "starting" and the adverb "continually"; however, this is not the case. In these answer choices, "starting" plays the role of an adverb acting upon the verb "photographed", just as "continually" does. To understand this concept, please consider this example "John jogs every day, starting from his house and continuing for five miles." - in this example, both "starting from his house" and "continuing for five miles" both convey information about the action - "jogs" - that "John" takes. Thus, both are adverb phrases, meaning they are parallel.

We hope this helps.
All the best!
Experts' Global Team

Hi EMPOWERgmatVerbal KarishmaB! Would you mind tackling this question? Thank you!

(D) and (E) are out because comma + present participle at the end is not suitable here. Neither is it cause effect nor a how explanation of the previous action etc. It doesn't modify the subject of the previous clause "images" either.


"who photographed ..." after Ansel Adams makes sense since it tells us about Ansel Adams but is not essential to the meaning of the sentence.

'continually' means 'uninterrupted'.
So what we want to say is that Ansel Adams photographed YNP continually from his teenage years onwards. He started photographing it in his teenage years and continued uninterrupted.
So (A) makes complete sense and concisely explains what is meant.

(B) and (C) are not as good as (A) because they seem to have disconnected 'continually' and 'the point from which it has been done continually'. If we want to say that he did it regularly from a certain point onwards, then (A) is better.
This is where concision is preferable. Concision does not mean that we should count the words and prefer one word over two words. It means that what can be said directly and elegantly should not be said in a round about confusing way.

Hence (A) is the best.

Hi atulsinghpm,

Your'e absolutely right them would have been absolutely spot on however we can only work with the sentences we are given , therefore proeeding forward

D and E have verb tense issue and doesn't completely relate exactly why the photographs are perfect is it that he started late we have absolutely no clue

A perfectly conveys the meaning the photograhs were great since he has been doing it for a long time
Moreover if we turn off our ear we can spot the right answer

THerefore IMO A

I am new, please help me legends of Gmatclub. My understanding is that 'who' can only be used for subjects of the sentence when being used as a relative pronoun/modifier ? Am i wrong? Which concept am i missing here?