The particular design of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs of th

The particular design (subject) [strike]of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs of the turtle[/strike] ("of" acts like a middleman, which is placed to split the subject and the verb apart to introduce the subject verb disagreement error as done here) allow (verb should be plural i.e. allows)
that it can draw in its exposed parts such that an attacker can find nothing
but hard shell to bite.
A. allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that
B. allow it to draw in its exposed parts, and so
C. allows for it to draw in its exposed parts and that
D. allows that it can draw in its exposed parts, and so
E allows (the verb agrees with the subject) it to draw in its exposed parts, so that

I'll go with E

The particular design of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs of the turtle allow
that it can draw in its exposed parts such that an attacker can find nothing
but hard shell to bite.
A. allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that
B. allow it to draw in its exposed parts, and so
C. allows for it to draw in its exposed parts and that
D. allows that it can draw in its exposed parts, and so
E. allows it to draw in its exposed parts, so that


I got the answer E right but my question is use of comma here,

Based on the document (Comprehensive SC) posted in the forum it says below

Independent Clauses are those that can be sentences on their own. For connecting these clauses use one of the following:
a. Semi Colon
b. Comma + Coordinating Conjunction (For, And, Not, But, Or, Yet and So)
Now the second part of the sentence is not independent or maybe I am not getting it right

In this case should the clause be

that an attacker can find nothing but hard shell to bite --- this doesnt look independent.

or

clause should be

an attacker can find nothing but hard shell to bite --- not sure how this is also independent.


Please explain where am I going wrong.

Thanks
Ravi

The particular design of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs of the turtle allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that an attacker can find nothing but hard shell to bite.

A. allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that
B. allow it to draw in its exposed parts, and so
C. allows for it to draw in its exposed parts and that
D. allows that it can draw in its exposed parts, and so
E. allows it to draw in its exposed parts, so that

Looking at the splits ..

design (singular subject) .. should go with singular verb "allows" - Options (A),(B),(C) are out
In choice (A) - .. allow that it can ... (use of "allow" and "can" is redundant)
In choice (B) (C) (D) - .. exposed parts, and so (use of "AND" is WRONG.. "AND" is used to express separate events)
("drawing exposed parts" and "so attacker can find nothing" are not separate events/actions .. instantaneous events/actions)

Choice (E) - Has the correct verb "allow" and use of "so that" expresses intention.

Answer (E)

A. allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that
– plural verb, singular required. object missing for allows
B. allow it to draw in its exposed parts, and so
– plural verb, singular required. And/so redundant connectors
C. allows for it to draw in its exposed parts and that
– object missing for allows. and changes the meaning, reasoning absent
D. allows that it can draw in its exposed parts, and so
– object missing for allows. And/so redundant connectors
E. allows it to draw in its exposed parts, so that
– correct

Thanks

allows is singular
allow is plural.

The particular design of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs of the turtle allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that an attacker can find nothing but hard shell to bite.

A. allow that it can draw in its exposed parts such that - subject-verb agreement issue - design needs allows
B. allow it to draw in its exposed parts, and so - subject-verb agreement issue - design needs allows
C. allows for it to draw in its exposed parts and that - usage of and changes the meaning
D. allows that it can draw in its exposed parts, and so - "Allow that (noun) (verb)" is not idiomatic. "Allow (noun) to (verb)" is the correct form.
* "And so" should introduce a consequence of whatever is described by the entire sentence preceding it.
For instance,
The turtle retracted all of its exposed parts into its shell, and so its attackers were unable to find anything to bite.
--> This sentence is fine, because the part after "and so" is a consequence of everything described in the main sentence ("The turtle retracted...")

In the sentence here, the second part is not a consequence of the entire main part of the sentence.

E. allows it to draw in its exposed parts, so that - Correct

Answer E

This question is based on Subject-Verb Agreement and Construction.

Options A and B begin with the verb ‘allow’ that doesn’t agree with the subject “The particular design”. The construction of Option A is also clumsy. So, Options A and B can be ruled out.

The phrasal verb ‘allows for’ means to give an opportunity for something. The anatomy (design of muscles and bones in the neck and limbs) of an animal does not give an opportunity for something. Since the meaning conveyed is illogical, Option C can be ruled out.

Option D has the same clumsy construction as Option A. It also has a redundant conjunction ‘and so’. If the conjunction ‘and’ were to be maintained, to maintain parallelism, the sentence should read – allows that it can draw in its exposed parts and that an attacker can find…. So, Option D can be ruled out.

Option E has the appropriate idiomatic construction ‘allows it to”. The conjunction ‘so that’ implies a reason. Therefore, E is the most appropriate option.

Jayanthi Kumar.

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