The trend toward online shopping is credited with being a positive imp

Part 1 - However, recent carbon emission estimates show that as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns.
Part 2 - So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping

Roles of the Bold faced parts - Part 1 - provides information on how emissions increase due to Online shopping - Part 2 - relies on part 1 to conclude that people should go back to shop locally.

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion - Second is the conclusion and not evidence
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion Correct, In line with analysis
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors second is a not competing claim, it is the conclusion
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion First supports the argument and not challenges it
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion recent carbon emission estimates - is an evidence and not a claim

Claim: Online shopping reduced Carbon footprint as compared to offline shopping.

Conclusion: To reduce Carbon footprint due to to shopping, one must shop offline rather than online.

Evidence: Carbon emission per capita is 5% more in online shopping than offline shopping.

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion --> Incorrect. Second is the conclusion and not evidence.
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion --> Correct. Check the details above.
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors --> Incorrect. First does not support the explanation. If anything, it challenges it.
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion --> Incorrect. The first challenges the core claim and supports the conclsion challenging that claim.
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion --> Incorrect. The first is not a claim. It is an evidence in favour of the conclusion which challenges the core claim of the passage.

IMO the first is some given data and the second is the conclusion.
Both boldfaces are in the same direction and do not contradict or oppose each other

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
The second part is definitely wrong

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
We can say that first is evidence and it's definitely in favor of the conclusion;
the second is truly a conclusion per my understanding

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
The argument does not challenge that evidence, the second is a conclusion

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
again "challenges" is wrong, the second part is correct but it's not enough to circle D

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
Problem with the first part, it's not a claim, it's an estimate

IMO
ans: B

The trend toward online shopping is credited with being a positive impactor on overall environmental emissions, as it eliminates the need for large, energy-consuming, retail stores. However, recent carbon emission estimates show that as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns. Shipping emissions, the energy consumed warehousing goods, and packaging have all been cited as contributors. So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping, as the net carbon impact of their purchase decisions will be lower than would be expected of online shopping.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

The second bold sentence is the conclusion. So if we look at the options we can eliminate option A and C. second bold statement is clearly not evidence or claim.

First bold face looks like an evidence. We will go through the options.
B. Evidence which favor conclusion. Fits. Lets keep it on hold.
D. example favor of conclusion is fine but this doesnt challenges the conclusion. incorrect
E. Claim. No its not a claim. Incorrect.

Answer: B

The trend toward online shopping is credited with being a positive impactor on overall environmental emissions, as it eliminates the need for large, energy-consuming, retail stores. However, recent carbon emission estimates show that as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns. Shipping emissions, the energy consumed warehousing goods, and packaging have all been cited as contributors. So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping, as the net carbon impact of their purchase decisions will be lower than would be expected of online shopping.

Analysis of the argument:

The first line of the argument states a fact. But the second sentence, starting with "however" tells us that the author of the argument has an alternate view and he is going to present an evidence supporting his view. Perfectly so, "as a result of this trend..." bold face statement gives us that evidence.
Following through the argument, the last sentence, "So, those looking to...should defer to...." tells us what the other concludes using the evidence he presented earlier.

So, BF1 - Evidence in favor of the author's conclusion and BF2 - Is the author's conclusion.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion Incorrect. Not too sure about the wording, "cites a concession..." but I know for sure the second is not evidence but the author's conclusion.
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion. Correct. Matches with our analysis above.
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors. Incorrect. First is not an evidence for what the argument challenges, but supports.
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion. Incorrect, complicated wording on the first one, but I know for sure its not an example for something that the argument challenges.
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion. Incorrect. First is not a claim, its an evidence which is very clear from "as a result of this trend..."

The trend toward online shopping is credited with being a positive impactor on overall environmental emissions, as it eliminates the need for large, energy-consuming, retail stores. However, recent carbon emission estimates show that as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns. Shipping emissions, the energy consumed warehousing goods, and packaging have all been cited as contributors. So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping, as the net carbon impact of their purchase decisions will be lower than would be expected of online shopping.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

Understanding of the Argument:
-Online shopping has positive impact on overall environmental emission
-Counters the above statement, by saying Purchase related emissions have increased
-So to reduce purchase related emission ,defer to local retail shopping.

Two BOLDFACE PARTS-
First One is clearly premise, which gives information that provides evidence to the point argument is trying to draw and counters the initial statement

Second starts with "SO" - clearly a conclusion

So now we will look for answer choice that matches our understanding of BOLDFACE PARTS

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion

Second is conclusion and not evidence in favor of conclusion- SO ELIMINATE A

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

CORRECT - As discussed above First is evidence which supports authors conclusion and second is conclusion

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors

First is evidence true but not supporting the explanation the argument challenges- Argument challenges the statement that retail shopping has positive impact on overall environmental emission.
Second is the only claim or conclusion.Eliminate C

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion

First is evidence not example. Eliminate D

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
First is not a conclusion. So Eliminate E

DREAM IT! ACHIEVE IT

In this question, the overall conclusion of the argument is the second bold face. i.e. those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping


The first boldface is used to provide an evidence in support of the conclusion. Hence - B


Second is a conclusion in itself and first is an evidence.

Correct.

first is the evidence supporting the conclusion that argument states not challenges.

First is an evidence not example.

First is an evidence not a claim.

“as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns” This is an evidence to oppose the belief in the first line of the passage.
“those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping” This is the author’s conclusion based on the evidence stated above.

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
The second is not evidence.

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
Looks correct. Hold

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
The second is not competing the argument.

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
The first is not an example.

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
The first provides numerical data, which more suits as evidence than claim.

Answer B

The trend toward online shopping is credited with being a positive impactor on overall environmental emissions, as it eliminates the need for large, energy-consuming, retail stores. However, recent carbon emission estimates show that as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns. Shipping emissions, the energy consumed warehousing goods, and packaging has all been cited as contributors. So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping, as the net carbon impact of their purchase decisions will be lower than would be expected of online shopping.

Let analyze the question stem first. The first line is a fact. The second line starts with, however, which means that it changes the direction of the argument. The second line states a result/ fact which then goes on become the evidence for the author's conclusion. The third line is again supporting the evidence for the claim above. The fourth line is the conclusion of the argument.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
Incorrect as we know Second BF is the conclusion.

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
This choice is correct as it matches with our thinking.

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
Incorrect as we know that the second BF is the conclusion.

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
Incorrect as the first BF is not an example.

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
This is very close to answer choice b. But between evidence and claim, I will choose evidence as the claim made by the author is used as the evidence to support the author's conclusion. Hence this is incorrect.


The answer is B.

online shopping -> +ve impacts overall on environmental emissions ; no need for large retail stores
however it has -> -ve impact on carbon emissions, trend indicates, per capita purchase related emissions have increased 5%
factors such as shipping, packaging have contributed
So to reduce carbon emissions -> prefer shopping in retail store. as disadvantages of -ve impacts outweigh +ve impacts

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
second stmt is the conclusion, there is no other conclusion in the argument

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
this sounds better... first provides the additional details on the increasing trend ...

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
argument does not challenge the increasing trend..

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
argument does not challenge the trend

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
firs is adding to details, argument does not suggest first is claim by any authority or individual

B is the best

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion

second is not an evidence but conclusion itself. 'A' can be eliminated.


(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

First looks like evidence and second does look like conclusion. So, 'B' can be the answer.


(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors

First is evidence opposing the explanation that the argument challenges and second is not claim but a conclusion. 'C' can be eliminated.


(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion

First is in support of the second. So, 'D' can be eliminated.


(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

First looks more like evidence than claim. So, 'B' is preferred over 'E' .



ANSWER: B

1. It does not support the author`s argument and the second one is not the evidence in favor of the conclusion.
2. This is true. The second part is the conclusion that the author wants to make. And the first one is the evidence or fact that supports this conclusion.
3. The first one is not supporting any evidence that argument challenges and it looks like that, one it`s giving the conclusion by citing an opinion not claiming anything by facts.
4. This looks close to the answer, but first is not an example, it`s a supporting fact to the conclusion.
5. Same as above, the author is citing a fact to support conclusion not claiming anything.

IMO, the answer is B.

PLease hit kudos if you like the solution.

as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns
those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion - the first isn't a concession
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion - Correct
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors - the second doesn't compete for claim the argument favors
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion - the argument doesn't challenge a conclusion
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion - the first isn't a claim but an evidence

because the net carbon impact of their purchase decisions will be lower than would be expected of online shopping. so, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping (conclusion of the argument)

BF1--as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns
this is the evidence

BF2-- those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping
this is the conclusion

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
BF2 is the conclusion, not the evidence

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion (correct)
yes BF1- is the evidence that supports the argument conclusion BF2 is the conclusion

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
BF2 is not the claim it is the conclusion of the argument

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
the argument doesn't challenge the conclusion ......BF1 is evidence in favor of conclusion

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

BF1 is not the claim it is evidence

Statement 1: (recent carbon emission estimates show that) as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns

Statement 2: those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping. This is the author's main conclusion

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion
The first does not seem to cite a concession to the author's argument, and the second is not an evidence in favor of the author's conclusion, but the author's conclusion itself.

(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
CORRECT ANSWER. The first is evidence (from recent carbon emission estimates) in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors
The first does not support the explanation that the argument challenges. In addition, the second is not a competing claim the argument favors, but the author's conclusion itself

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion
The first is not in favor of a conclusion that the argument challenges and the second is not the conclusion that the argument challenges

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
Although it is true that the second is the author's conclusion, the first is not a claim, but rather data or fact or evidence in support of the author's conclusion.

Since this is a bold faced question, lets first focus on conclusion, which is stated "So, those looking to reduce their contribution to carbon emissions should defer to local retail shopping" (note that this makes second bold face our conclusion). Now, as we have established conclusion, lets see how each bold face fit into the argument.
First bold face is "as a result of this trend, per capita levels of purchase-related emissions have risen by over 5%, after adjustments to account for spending patterns"- author tries to give evidence for his conclusion saying that online shopping causes more emissions.
Now, which option best fits into analysis above?
Only B.
But still we will check other options too.

A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion - second is not evidence, but conclusion. Eliminate A.

(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors - although first is evidence, argument does not challenge anything. Eliminate.

(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion - we can say that first is example set to support conclusion but argument does not challenge conclusion. Eliminate.

(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion - Although second is correctly identified, first is not because it is not claim (you cant claim evidence, you can cite it), very tempting but B is better. Eliminate E.
My answer is B

reason 1 : first boldface is evidence and the second boldface is conclusion, with these we can negate A and E
reason 2 : first boldface is evidence supporting the main conclusion . This eliminates C and D

(A) The first cites a concession to the argument made by the author, the second is evidence in favor of the author's conclusion ( wrong due to reason 1 )
(B) The first is evidence in favor of the argument's conclusion, the second is that conclusion
(C) The first is evidence supporting an explanation that the argument challenges, the second is a competing claim the argument favors ( wrong due to reason 2 )
(D) The first is an example in favor of a conclusion the argument challenges, the second is that conclusion ( wrong due to reason 2 )
(E) The first is a claim in support of the author's conclusion, the second is that conclusion ( wrong due to reason 1 )

so ans is B

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