Without trying to go too far afield with all the “if-then” logic that makes my brain spin.....
There could be a million other things that Russia might need to do in order to avoid economic collapse.
We are only told in the passage about 1 of these requirements. To avoid collapse, Russia definitely has to get the 20% increase.
However, there still may be other requirements that must be met in order for Russia to avoid collapse.
Russia might hit the 20% and 40% increases and its economy STILL collapses because we are not told that the increase is the ONLY requirement that needs to be fulfilled to avoid collapse.
This is why we can not infer E with 100% certainty. If Russia collapses, it could be because of some reason not mentioned in the passage. Russia can still collapse even if the country meets the Percent Increase requirement.
The facts tell us that Russia needs the 20% increase in order to avoid collapse.
The facts do NOT tell us if this is the ONLY required thing that Russia needs to do in order to avoid collapse.
The question is testing the formal logic concepts behind Sufficient and Necessary Conditions. It is a topic that is much more common on the LSAT than on the GMAT.
If Russia has NOT collapsed ———-> then we know for sure that Russia, at the very least, met the % Increase requirement.
However if Russia DID collapse ———-> Russia still might have met the %increase requirement and some other reason caused the economy to collapse (maybe the Russian Mafia pulled off a monumental heist on all the government banks).
Lastly, the question source is Nova Prep. The company sometimes creates problems that are harder than the actual GMAT questions in order to challenge you.
I believe that you can get through the GMAT and get an awesome Verbal score without ever delving too deeply into Sufficient/Necessary Conditions. However, it’s just my opinion and others probably disagree with me.
Hope some of what I wrote helped at least a little??? If you want to read more about Sufficient/Necessary Conditions and Must Be True Questions, Power Score’s Critical Reasoning Bible is a great source.
SahilGera18 wrote:
Can some one explain please why E is not a correct option? Thanks In Advance
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