Real family income excluding the effects of inflation has rapidly rise

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION


THE PROMPT

• be sure to read the last (non-underlined) part of the sentence.
• The phrase "to 1980" signals that we are talking about the past

THE OPTIONS

• verb error: there is no need to use has risen (present perfect).
-- neither the quick rise in income from 1960 to 1970 nor the effects of that increase are relevant to or have effect in the present.
-- the correct verb is rose.
• to describe the beginning and end of a time period (from Monday to Friday, for example), do not use up.
-- the idiom is From X to Y.
• verb error: the use of present tense does is ridiculous. In the past, real income did not change.
Eliminate A


• verb meaning: The income did not emerge, get up, or stand up—the italicized words are what "arise" means.
• "up" is wrong (same error as that in option A)
• with rapidity is a stylistic disaster. A one-word adverb, rapidly, is less clunky and more concise than [with + noun = the quality of moving with great speed]
-- this diction error is not enough to eliminate an option on its own, but the verb meaning is fatal.
Eliminate B


• "with rapidity" is identical to the error in B
• verb error: we are not talking about now. The income was unchanged.
• unchangeable is wrong adjective
-- unchangeable means incapable of being changed. Wrong. Real family income could have changed but just happened not to do so.
-- unchanged means "not changed." Real family did not change.
• wrong conjunction: and shows no contrast. Real income rose quickly during one decade but stagnated during the next.
• adverb misplacement (tested very rarely and never the only error): when the verb is a TO BE verb, the adverb is placed after the verb.
Eliminate C


• Option D cures the errors in all other options
KEEP
E) rapidly rises from 1960 to 1970 and virtually is unchangeable from 1970[/quote]
• verb tense error: the present tense verbs rises and is should be in simple past tense: rose and was.
• and fails to convey contrast
• as is the case in option C, unchangeable conveys incorrect meaning; the word should be unchanged

The answer is D.

• NOTES
BelalHossain046 , you asked three questions.

(1) Would anyone please explain whether “rose” or “had risen” would be more appropriate here and why?

elavendan1 generously did answer your question.

Three quick comments.
(1) elavendan1 , that answer is very good.

(2) elavendan1 , I am not sure whether BelalHossain046 saw your answer.
(I actually hope not, because I do not see kudos on that post to say thank you.)
Now is a good time to remind everyone:
If you are talking to a specific person, put a tag in your post.
-- to tag, type the @ symbol. Type the username right next to it. No space between the AND the name. Finally, be sure to leave one space after the tag -- if you need to add "apostrophe S," for example, leave a space between the last letter of the username and the apostrophe.

(3) Many people on this thread are helpful and generous, two qualities that set a good example and create a nice atmosphere. . . .
mykrasovski , kinda like the atmosphere that Andrew creates at your favorite ice cream store.


(2) Isn’t single COMMA in between SUBJECT (income) and VERB (rose) WRONG here?
Yep. mykrasovski caught the same error, which I've edited.

(3) What’s the difference between ROSE and AROSE here? MofeBhatia generously answered this question, as did a few others including zhanbo.

COMMENTS

kendrikFROMkenya and BelalHossain046 , welcome to SC Butler.

This question is easier than almost any question that you will see on the GMAT, but that fact is okay.

Every once in awhile it's good to have a question that lets you use hard-won skills with very little or zero doubt.

eakabuah , just as mykrasovski and Doer01 on another thread had a hilarious and sweet exchange about Andrew who "is golden," this sidebar adds levity and expressiveness:

If I recall correctly, you once used the very British word "fiddle-faddle."
I like these little stories.

These answers are range from very good to outstanding.
eakabuah , I am bumping you to Best Community Reply.

Nice work, everyone. Kudos to all.