Q1. Many policymakers and economists agree that the Arboria needs to curb domestic demand for foreign goods while investing in new domestic industrial capacity, a shift that both should result in increased exports and reclaim domestic markets that are lost to imported goods.


A. both should result in increased exports and reclaim domestic markets that are

B. should both result in increased exports and domestic markets being reclaimed that were

C. should result in both increased exports and reclaim domestic markets

D. should result both in increased exports and domestic markets being reclaimed that had been

E. should result in both increased exports and the reclaiming of domestic markets

Q2. NATO’s relationship with Russia was for years one of outright hostility, but it may soon find itself on the path to offering membership.

A. NATO’s relationship with Russia was for years one of outright hostility, but it may soon find itself

B. NATO’s relationship towards Russia was for years one of outright hostility, but the organization may soon find itself

C. NATO’s relationship with Russia was for years one of outright hostility, but the organization may soon find itself

D. For years, NATO had a relationship with Russia that was one of outright hostility, but soon they may find themselves

E. For years, NATO’s relationship with Russia was one of outright hostility, but the organization may soon have found itself

https://gmatclub.com/forum/historians-s ... 01249.html

Don’t get this

Q1. Creation of applications for things ranging from silly stuff, like virtual watermelon seed spitting, and serious uses, like real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

A. Creation of applications for things ranging from silly stuff, like virtual watermelon seed spitting, and serious uses, like real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

B. Application creation for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, as well as uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone into a force of creative destruction.

C. Third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction by creating applications for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, and uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring.

D. Creating applications for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, to uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

E. Things ranging from silly stuff, such as spitting of virtual watermelon seed to serious uses as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring in application creation, third-party companies will continue to force the iPhone a creative destruction.

Q2. Evolutionary biologists have discovered that the opposable thumb evolved in the human geology to help our species grasp objects by using a pad-to-pad grip and improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening in the evolutionary process to strengthen the pad-to-pad grip of the land and to stabilize our upright posture.


A. improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening

B. improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and that the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening

C. improving throwing and clubbing prowess and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortened and straightened

D. improve throwing and clubbing prowess and that the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortened and straightened

E. to improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and to shorten and straighten the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages

Q3. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spell an untimely, foolish death.

A. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spell an untimely, foolish death

B. Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-attempted attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings in 1992 that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

C. In 1992, despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death, Christopher McCandless still initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska

D. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

E. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt, hoping that living off the land in Alaskan wilderness prove possible, despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

Q1. Since 1945 there have been numerous international confrontations as tense as those that precipitated the Second World War, and yet no large-scale conflict has resulted. To explain this, some argue that fear of enormous destruction such as the Second World War produced has had a dramatic deterrent effect.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the deterrent theory mentioned above?

(A) After the First World War, the fear of great future destruction was as intense as it was after the Second World War.

(B) Psychologists have determined that fear of retaliation tends to temper aggressiveness among human beings.

(C) The Second World War was far less destructive than most people generally believe.

(D) Fear of repeating the levels of destructions that the Second World War produced is as pervasive today as it was forty years age.

(E) Many of the international confrontations that have occurred since 1945 have involved countries that participated in the Second World War.

Q2. Editorial: To qualify as an effective law, as opposed to merely an impressive declaration, a command must be backed up by an effective enforcement mechanism. That is why societies have police. The power of the police to enforce a society’s laws makes those laws effective. But there is currently no international police force. Hence, what is called “international law” is not effective law.

Which one of the following is an assumption required by the editorial’s argument?


(A) No one obeys a command unless mechanisms exist to compel obedience.

(B) If an international police force were established, then so-called international law would become effective law.

(C) The only difference between international law and the law of an individual society is the former’s lack of an effective enforcement mechanism.

(D) The primary purpose of a police force is to enforce the laws of the society.

(E) Only an international police force could effectively enforce international law.

Q1. The core reason why we find most immigrants to the country Amora doing odd jobs is the immigrants’ low qualification level. Most immigrants are school dropouts and are not skilled in any particular trade. Most come to Amora to seek a better life and are willing to work their way up in the foreign land. In their initial years in Amora, immigrants take jobs such as cab driving, construction, or hourly jobs at departmental stores. It is clear, therefore, that if the immigrants are to be encouraged to work outside these segregated low-paying jobs, __________

Which one of the following best completes the paragraph?

A. Immigration laws should be made tougher to allow only skilled immigrants into Amora
B. Society’s perception of low-paying odd jobs as "jobs for immigrants" must be changed.
C. More immigrants should be allowed to take up high-paying jobs.
D. Immigrants should be allowed/encouraged to take school and college courses.
E. More high-skilled jobs need to be added in Amora

Q1. Creation of applications for things ranging from silly stuff, like virtual watermelon seed spitting, and serious uses, like real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

A. Creation of applications for things ranging from silly stuff, like virtual watermelon seed spitting, and serious uses, like real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

B. Application creation for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, as well as uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone into a force of creative destruction.

C. Third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction by creating applications for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, and uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring.

D. Creating applications for things ranging from silly stuff, such as virtual watermelon seed spitting, to uses as serious as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring, third-party companies will continue to make the iPhone a force of creative destruction.

E. Things ranging from silly stuff, such as spitting of virtual watermelon seed to serious uses as real-time intensive-care patient monitoring in application creation, third-party companies will continue to force the iPhone a creative destruction.

Q2. Evolutionary biologists have discovered that the opposable thumb evolved in the human geology to help our species grasp objects by using a pad-to-pad grip and improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening in the evolutionary process to strengthen the pad-to-pad grip of the land and to stabilize our upright posture.


A. improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening

B. improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and that the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortening and straightening

C. improving throwing and clubbing prowess and the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortened and straightened

D. improve throwing and clubbing prowess and that the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages, shortened and straightened

E. to improve throwing and clubbing prowess, and to shorten and straighten the fingers and toes, also called as secondary appendages

Q3. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spell an untimely, foolish death.

A. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spell an untimely, foolish death

B. Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-attempted attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings in 1992 that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

C. In 1992, despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death, Christopher McCandless still initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska

D. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt to live off the land in Alaska despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive in the wilderness without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

E. In 1992, Christopher McCandless initiated his ill-fated attempt, hoping that living off the land in Alaskan wilderness prove possible, despite the locals’ warnings that trying to survive without supplies often spells an untimely, foolish death

Q1. The core reason why we find most immigrants to the country Amora doing odd jobs is the immigrants’ low qualification level. Most immigrants are school dropouts and are not skilled in any particular trade. Most come to Amora to seek a better life and are willing to work their way up in the foreign land. In their initial years in Amora, immigrants take jobs such as cab driving, construction, or hourly jobs at departmental stores. It is clear, therefore, that if the immigrants are to be encouraged to work outside these segregated low-paying jobs, __________

Which one of the following best completes the paragraph?

A. Immigration laws should be made tougher to allow only skilled immigrants into Amora
B. Society’s perception of low-paying odd jobs as "jobs for immigrants" must be changed.
C. More immigrants should be allowed to take up high-paying jobs.
D. Immigrants should be allowed/encouraged to take school and college courses.
E. More high-skilled jobs need to be added in Amora

Q2. The death penalty involves medical doctors, who are sworn to preserve life, in the act of killing. This issue was much discussed after several states provided for execution by lethal injection. The American Medical Association, responding to this issue, declared that a doctor should not participate in an execution. The American Medical Association resolved the ethical problem. However, since the association confers that a doctor may determine or certify death in any situation, it can be argued that when doctors use their stethoscopes to indicate whether the electric chair has done its job, they are assisting the executioner.

In the argument given, the two portions in boldface play which of the following roles?

A. The first is the main conclusion of the argument; the second states a position that the argument seeks to oppose.

B. The first provides evidence that has been used to oppose the main conclusion of the argument; the second is that conclusion.

C. The first is a claim that has been used to reach the main conclusion of the argument; the second brings that conclusion into question.

D. The first is a position that the argument accepts; the second is the main conclusion of the argument.

E. The first states a conclusion that the argument reaches; the second calls that conclusion into question.

Q3. Consultant: One of the most important application areas for robot-based automation is manufacturing. Robot-based production automation enhances efficiency and productivity in manufacturing processes. As a leading innovator in the field, Rockshell Corporation had launched Robo-X Automation few years back. Since then, the automation system has delivered significant cost reduction to almost all firms that are similar to Weinstein Corporation. Therefore, by switching from manual systems to Robo-X, Weinstein Corporation shall be able to lower their costs and ensure a significant growth in profits this year over last year.

Which of the following statement, if true, most weakens the consultant’s proposal to purchase Robo-X?


A. It is expected that the revenue of Weinstein will not increase this year since the sales will remain constant.

B. Weinstein’s profits for the first quarter has been lower than the expectation of the company’s management.

C. Rockshell’s product, Robo-NexGen has not been successful in cost reduction for a large number of firms in mining industry.

D. Once Rockwell receives an order, they send a team to perform a detailed and extensive analysis of customer processes over a large period of time before building and customizing Robo-X to suit customer’s needs.

E. Robo-X comes with attractive payment plans that do not require any setup and maintenance cost for the first year.

Q1. Successfully completing an international treaty requires convincing large numbers of nations, whose interests are not always aligned.

A. large numbers of nations, whose interests
B. large numbers of nations, with interests
C. large numbers of nations, interests of whom
D. large numbers of nations that have interests that
E. large numbers of nations, and their interests

Q2. Recent study of symptoms performed at the Department of Symptoms at a leading health care institute has demonstrated that some signs that seem alarming may actually be harmless and those seem to make no biological sense may indicate a serious condition.

A. those seem to make no biological sense may indicate a serious condition.
B. those that seem to make no biological sense may indicate a serious condition.
C. those that seem making no biological sense may indicate a serious condition.
D. some signs that making no biological sense may indicate a serious condition.
E. some signs that seem to make no biological sense indicate a serious condition.

Q3. As hurricane Irene approached the region, residents were warned to expect flooding, asked to remain indoors, and were evacuated wherever necessary.

A. to expect flooding, asked to remain indoors, and were
B. to expect flooding, asked to remain indoors, and
C. to expect flooding, asked to remain indoors, and to be
D. about flooding, asked to remain indoors, and were
E. to expect flood, remain indoors, and be

Q2. The recent discovery of fossils of giant plankton feeders led scientists to believe that an era that had been dominated by Leedsichthys that have now evolved currently into basking sharks existed.

A. that had been dominated by Leedsichthys that have now evolved currently into basking sharks
B. dominated by Leedsichthys that have now evolved into basking sharks
C. had been dominated by Leedsichthys that are now evolved into basking sharks
D. that was dominated by Leedsichthys that presently are now evolved currently into basking sharks
E. dominated by Leedsichthys, evolving now into basking sharks

Q3. Because of the tremendous hard work, dedication, and conceptual clarity required to clear the prestigious CSAT Examination, an examination distinguished for high difficulty level and fierce competition, such students generally tend to be very bright.

A. required to clear
B. required for clearing
C. required for clearance of
D. required of students to clear
E. needed by students for clearing

In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out beyond the city as places for a transcendental contemplation of nature, death and duty.

(A) In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out
(B) In America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out
(C) In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries laid
(D) Cemeteries, in America steeped in romanticism, were laid
(E) Cemeteries in an America steeped in romanticism laid

Is C wrong bcoz of no verb? ’’Laid" isn’t a verb?

Q3. Because of the tremendous hard work, dedication, and conceptual clarity required to clear the prestigious CSAT Examination, an examination distinguished for high difficulty level and fierce competition, such students generally tend to be very bright.

A. required to clear
B. required for clearing
C. required for clearance of
D. required of students to clear
E. needed by students for clearing

Q1. In a mammalian brain, a larger proportion of neurons are devoted to service reasoning functions than are devoted to control body movement in an insectivorian brain.

A. In a mammalian brain, a larger proportion of neurons are devoted to service reasoning functions than are devoted to control body movement in an insectivorian brain.

B. The proportion of neurons devoted to service reasoning functions in a mammalian brain is larger than that devoted to control body movement in an insectivorian brain.

C. A mammalian brain devotes a larger proportion of neurons to servicing of reasoning functions than an insectivorian brain controlling body movement does.

D. A larger proportion of neurons in a mammalian brain is devoted to service reasoning functions than is devoted in an insectivorian brain to control body movement.

E. The proportion of neurons in a mammalian brain that is devoted to service reasoning functions is larger in an insectivorian brain that is devoted to control body movement

In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out beyond the city as places for a transcendental contemplation of nature, death and duty.

(A) In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out
(B) In America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries were laid out
(C) In an America steeped in romanticism, cemeteries laid
(D) Cemeteries, in America steeped in romanticism, were laid
(E) Cemeteries in an America steeped in romanticism laid

Is C wrong bcoz of no verb? ’’Laid" isn’t a verb?

The only logical comparison here is B.
A is nonsense, comparing the proportion of neurons in a mammal brain to the proportion of neurons in a mammal brain in a insect brain.
B properly compares the proportion of neurons devoted to x function in a mammal brain, to the proportion of neurons devoted to y function in insect brain.
C compares the mammal brain devoting to an insect brain. Controlling is a modifier here, not a verb.
D: I am not 100% sure, but there is a SJV error here. A larger proprtion of (plural) should be plural. Regardless, we have a nonsense comparison here as well: the proportion of neurons in a mammal brain devoted to x, to the proportion of neurons in a mammal brain in an insect brain devoted to y. nonsense.
E is complete nonsense, like D and A.

If you post your explanation in SC/CR forum, you can get more kudos. Also It will be helpful for other forum members.

Q1. George: Private companies should always abide by government policies, especially when those policies are in their own interests. I wholeheartedly support the 1% Donation Program that mandates private companies to donate 0.5% of their revenues for social cause. Such donations shall attract immense goodwill, duly benefiting the companies.

Pablo: The decision of what is beneficial for one should be left to one alone. Certainly, companies should be allowed the freedom to choose to volunteer for the 1% Donation Program.

Pablo’s method of responding to George’s argument is by

A. drawing a distinction

B. highlighting a subjectivity

C. establishing an analogy

D. deriving a contradiction

E. giving an alternate definition

Q2. Political scientist across the globe have come to the conclusion that, when dealing with public outrage, the government has no choice but to resort to populist politics and pacify the general population by yielding to its demands. Since a public outrage is brewing over the proposed foreign policy change, the government is expected to control the situation in this tried and tested manner.

Which one of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?

A. The proposed foreign policy change is not good for the country.

B. The government is unlikely to implement the proposed foreign policy change.

C. The government responds only when the public outrage is brewing.

D. The government cannot convince the people about the benefits of the proposed foreign policy change.

E. The public’s choice in the matter of foreign policy change is not in the best political interest of the country.