While global temperatures have risen sharply over the last century,
they have only recently eclipsed the Medieval period, during which scientists theorize that a series of volcanic eruptions sent the earth into a period of historic warmth.
A. they have only recently eclipsed the Medieval period, during which scientists theorize that a- comparison issue -temperatures have eclipsed the Medieval period
B. they have only recently eclipsed those of the Medieval period, during which scientists theorize that a
C. it has only recently eclipsed the Medieval period, during which, scientists theorize, a- singular pronoun 'it' tries to refer to plural noun temperatures
D. it has only recently eclipsed that of the Medieval period, during which scientists theorize a- singular pronoun 'it' tries to refer to plural noun temperatures; comparison issue -temperatures have eclipsed that of Medieval period, but 'that' can't refer to temperatures(plural)
E. they have only recently eclipsed those of the Medieval period, during which, scientists theorize, a
I was down to options B and E.
Although I chose option B, I understand that it sounds illogical because option B means that the act of theorizing was done during the Medieval period.
1. But shouldn't verbs such as theorize be followed by 'that'?
2. In OA(E), is the phrase 'scientists theorize' a non-essential phrase enclosed by commas? So, the sentence is read as 'Medieval period, during which a series of volcanic eruptions sent the Earth into a period of historic warmth.'?
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