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Manager
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Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat’s maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
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Director
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I vote for C
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VP
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girikorat wrote: Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
B seems to be answer. When a pup encounters a female rat that did not bear it, it produces higher amount of scent. This keeps the female rat from approaching the pup. But if the female’s sense of smell is blunted or the scent-producing glands of the pup are removed, female rat approaches the pup with maternal behavior. If nothing is done and just they were put together for 7 days, then female rat gets used to the odor of the pup, and then also shows materal behavior.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat’s maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
If this is true, then female rat will not show maternal behavior even after 7 days. No?
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between B and E
I ll go with E
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girikorat wrote: Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat’s maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
This is a clear E.
We don't know what amount of scent would turn off a rat who has not borne a rat versus the one who has borne a rat much less whether or not the amount of scent increases or decreases. For all you know - pups may be emitting a constant ODOR and the rat who has not borne ever may just be MORE susceptible to it than the one who has borne.
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baski6 wrote: I vote for C
C actually weakens the argument.
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E is the best choice. Clearly, if her sense of smell is inhibited, the female rat would grow attached to the rat pup much more quickly.
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ak_idc wrote: girikorat wrote: Adult female rats who have never before encountered rat pups will start to show maternal behaviors after being confined with a pup for about seven days. This period can be considerably shortened by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
(A) The sense of smell in adult female rats is more acute than that in rat pups.
(B) The amount of scent produced by rat pups increases when they are in the presence of a female rat that did not bear them.
B seems to be answer. When a pup encounters a female rat that did not bear it, it produces higher amount of scent. This keeps the female rat from approaching the pup. But if the female’s sense of smell is blunted or the scent-producing glands of the pup are removed, female rat approaches the pup with maternal behavior. If nothing is done and just they were put together for 7 days, then female rat gets used to the odor of the pup, and then also shows materal behavior.
(C) Female rats that have given birth are more affected by olfactory cues than are female rats that have never given birth.
(D) A female rat that has given birth shows maternal behavior toward rat pups that she did not bear more quickly than does a female rat that has never given birth.
(E) The development of a female rat’s maternal interest in a rat pup that she did not bear is inhibited by the odor of the pup.
If this is true, then female rat will not show maternal behavior even after 7 days. No?
Straight E. E says that the female rat's maternal intereset is inhibited not eliminated so there no question that the female rat will not show maternal behavior even after seven days.
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Neelabh Mahesh
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I am just trying to understand the question:
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
What is the "contrast" in the above argument?
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ak_idc wrote: I am just trying to understand the question:
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
What is the "contrast" in the above argument?
Contrast is the shortening of period by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup.
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Neelabh Mahesh
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Straight E
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neelabhmahesh wrote: ak_idc wrote: I am just trying to understand the question:
Which of the following hypotheses best explains the contrast described above?
What is the "contrast" in the above argument? Contrast is the shortening of period by disabling the female’s sense of smell or by removing the scent-producing glands of the pup. I agree. E is a better option.
In the usual circumstances the rat is not showing maternal behavior for 7 days, but with odor reduction in one or other way the rat is showing maternal behavior. That means odor is the reason for rat not showing that behavior. Odor is clearly inhibiting the maternal behavior.
Why B is not good?
B is just an extra fact. It could be true. But it does nt help in explaining the contrast.
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E !
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