In 1430, Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy founded the Order of the

Question

In 1430, Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy founded the Order of the Golden Fleece, demanding from the 24 knights nominated to join  it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East .

A. it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

B. him uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and defense of Christianity, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

C. it to be uncompromisingly loyal, to devote themselves to the glory of God, and to defense the Christian faith, if need be, on an Eastern crusade

D. it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and a commitment to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

E. him uncompromising fealty, devoting themselves to the glory of God, and defending the Christian faith by going on a crusade to the East, if necessary

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Paras96 · Answer

"It" refers to the Order of the Golden Fleece, Duke Philip demanded the knights to join "it" i.e. the Order of the Golden Fleece.

Other part of the underlined portion to be parallel

Hence C

makwanamansi4 · Answer

In the option C and to defence is incorrect as it should be to defend verb form and not the noun form for parallel structure

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Aman_Gupta · Answer

Please explain, I don't understand why the OA is D. please explain by the process of elimination.

ankitgoswami · Answer

Understand the sentence structure by avoiding unnecessary/ extra information in the sentence.

Duke .... founded the Order ...., demanding from the 24 knights nominated to join  it uncompromising fealty, devotion to ....., and to defend the Christian faith.......

Now the first split is 'it' vs 'him'. Though the 'it' here refers to the Order and hence you can remove B & E, but still if you have doubt let's keep it for a while.

Now after looking at the options choices, you can easily spot parallelism being asked here. But we have to understand what all should be parallel to each other. For that we can probably further trim down the sentence -

Duke .... founded the Order ...., demanding .......  ..  uncompromising fealty ,  devotion to  ....., and  to defend  the Christian faith.......

Now you see that A is wrong as 'uncompromising fealty', 'devotion to ...', and 'to defend the...' are not parallel to each other. For the same reason, we can remove C & E. C cleverly uses the base form of verbs but has 'to defense' which is wrong. E is a trap as it parallels, 'devoting' and 'defending' with 'demanding' which is not the case according to the sentence structure.

Now when we look at B vs D, 'defense of Christianity' stands out as incorrect. 'Demanding defense of Christianity' doesn't make sense.

D removes all such issues, presents parallel structure and is the correct answer.

Ans  D

Bunuel · Answer

OFFICIAL EXPLANATION

In 1430, Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy founded the Order of the Golden Fleece, demanding from the 24 knights nominated to join  it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East .

A. it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

Incorrect.

In this answer choice, the first and second items in the list are nouns ( fealty, devotion ), but the third item is an ( unconjugated ) verb (to defend).

In a list of 3 or more items, all the items should be in the same part of speech or of the same type of the part of speech (all nouns, or all verbs, or all adjectives...).

What helps us identify this question as a Parallelism question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign:

A list of 3 items or more, separated by commas and and/or before the last item.

B. him uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and defense of Christianity, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

Incorrect.

While this answer choice corrects the parallelism mistake in the original sentence by changing the verb  to defend  to the noun  defense , by changing the pronoun  it  to  him , this answer choice changes the meaning of the original sentence.

In the original sentence the pronoun  it  refers to the non-human  Order of the Golden Fleece , while in the corrected sentence  him  can only refer to the human subject  Duke Philip . The change in what the knights are being nominated to is considered a change in meaning.

C. it to be uncompromisingly loyal, to devote themselves to the glory of God, and to defense the Christian faith, if need be, on an Eastern crusade

Incorrect.

This answer choice is ungrammatical and stylistically flawed.

While this answer choice appears to correct the parallelism mistake in the original sentence by changing the first item in the list from a noun ( uncompromising loyalty ) to a verbal phrase ( to be uncompromisingly loyal ), the changes to the second and third items in the list ( devotion-->to devote, to defend -->to defense ) create stylistic and grammatical errors, and therefore do not truly correct the parallelism.

The change to the third item in the list is an outright grammatical mistake: the proper form of the verb is  to defend. Defense  is a noun.

In addition, the corrected sentence uses the wordy phrase  to be uncompromisingly loyal , which makes the sentence even more stylistically awkward.

D. it uncompromising fealty, devotion to the glory of God, and a commitment to defend the Christian faith, if need be, by going on a crusade to the East

What helps us identify this question as a Parallelism question as well as identify the mistake is the following Stop Sign:

A list of 3 items or more, separated by commas and  and/or  before the last item.

By changing the third item in the list from a verb ( to defend ) to a noun phrase ( a commitment to defend ), this answer choice corrects the parallelism mistake in the original sentence.

Although this answer choice is less concise than the original sentence, it is the only answer choice which is both grammatically correct and logical.

E. him uncompromising fealty, devoting themselves to the glory of God, and defending the Christian faith by going on a crusade to the East, if necessary

Incorrect.

This answer choice is grammatically incorrect. The first item in the list is a noun ( fealty ), whereas the second and third items in the list ( devoting, defending ) are verbal forms (V+ing).

Note that in this sentence, the word  uncompromising  is an adjective that describes the noun  fealty , and does not serve as a verbal form (V+ing) as the other two items in the list do.

In addition, this answer choice changes the meaning of the original sentence.

In the original sentence the pronoun  it  refers to the non-human  Order of the Golden Fleece , while in the corrected sentence  him  can only refer to the human subject  Duke Philip . The change in what the knights are being nominated to is considered a change in meaning.

Bunuel · Answer