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Iwillget770
Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and y – x is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.
­
Hi,

Is this question from GMAT Prep Focus? Thank you!
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Bunuel

Iwillget770
Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and y – x is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.
­
Hi,

Is this question from GMAT Prep Focus? Thank you!
­Hi Bunuel,

No, it is from online question bank of Official Guide Data Insights 2023-24­
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Iwillget770

Bunuel

Iwillget770
Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and y – x is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.
­
Hi,

Is this question from GMAT Prep Focus? Thank you!
­Hi Bunuel,

No, it is from online question bank of Official Guide Data Insights 2023-24­
­
Thank you very much.
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Please post the questions clearly and exactly the way they are given. You have written option E as 83, while it is 85.<br />
Although it did not make a difference here but could have easily affected the answer in some other case.­
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chetan2u

Say distance is between 5 to 10: ­Nearest 5 km means the distance is rounded off to 5, if the distance is <7.5, otherwise rounded off to 10.
Thus, in case of 560, the distance would lie in range => \(557.5 \leq D < 562.5\)

Similarly, the hours would be in range ­=>  \((6-\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4}) \leq D < (6+\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4})\) = \(6.875 \leq D < 7.125\)

Minimum average speed = smallest distance in maximum time = \(\frac{557.5}{7.125}=78.25\)
Maximum average speed = largest distance in minimum time = \(\frac{562.5}{6.875}=81.81\)
±
Thus, the range should contain all values from 78.25 to 81.81

Since y-x has to be minimal, look for an option just below 78.25 for x, and look for an option just above 81.81 for y.
x = 76 and y=82

 
­Hi chetan2u,

I didn't understand the rounding off part. While solving I did 560 ± 5 and arrived at 565 and 555 respectively and similarly for time 7 ± 0.25 and arrived at 6.75 and 7.25. Applied the logic of inverse relation for distance and time got the results as 83.7 and 76.55.

Is this correct approach ?
 ­
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jack5397

chetan2u

Say distance is between 5 to 10: ­Nearest 5 km means the distance is rounded off to 5, if the distance is <7.5, otherwise rounded off to 10.
Thus, in case of 560, the distance would lie in range => \(557.5 \leq D < 562.5\)

Similarly, the hours would be in range ­=>  \((6-\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4}) \leq D < (6+\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4})\) = \(6.875 \leq D < 7.125\)

Minimum average speed = smallest distance in maximum time = \(\frac{557.5}{7.125}=78.25\)
Maximum average speed = largest distance in minimum time = \(\frac{562.5}{6.875}=81.81\)
±
Thus, the range should contain all values from 78.25 to 81.81

Since y-x has to be minimal, look for an option just below 78.25 for x, and look for an option just above 81.81 for y.
x = 76 and y=82


 
­Hi chetan2u,

I didn't understand the rounding off part. While solving I did 560 ± 5 and arrived at 565 and 555 respectively and similarly for time 7 ± 0.25 and arrived at 6.75 and 7.25. Applied the logic of inverse relation for distance and time got the results as 83.7 and 76.55.

Is this correct approach ?
 ­
­No, that will not be correct.

What you are doing is rounding off to nearest 10. But here it is rounding off to nearest 5. This means the number will be rounded off to 555 or 560. If it is < (555+560)/2 or <557.5, then it is rounded off to 555, otherwise to 560.

Hope it resolves your doubt.
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Iwillget770
­
All Data Insight question: TPA [ Official Guide DI Review 2023-24] 


Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and y – x is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.­
 
rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km. So rounded to 550, 555, 560, 565 etc. Length of trip will be 

557.5 <= L < 562.5 
If it is less than 557.5, say 556, it will get rounded off to 555. If it is say 563, it will get rounded off to 565. 

rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. So rounded to 6.5 hrs, 6.75 hrs, 7 hrs, 7.25 hrs etc. Time taken will be 

6.875 <= T < 7.125 
If it is less, say 6.8 hrs, it will get rounded to 6.75 etc. 

For lowest speed, distance will be minimum and time taken will be maximum possible = 557.5/7.125 = 78.2
For maximum speed, distance will be maximum and time taken will be minimum possible = 562.5/6.875 = 81.8

Now the tricky part is the options to choose. Given: 
"... the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and y – x is minimal."

So the interval should include ALL possible values of speeds and it should be the smallest possible (of the given options). So 76 - 82 includes all possible values in the smallest range. For example, 73 - 82 also includes all possible values but its not the smallest range. 
Hence select 76 and 82. ANSWER








­
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Don't think the english is right. Rounded to the nearest 5KM simply means rounded to the nearest 5, i.e +/- 5KM. It is the same logic you would apply as rounding to the nearest 10th, 100th, or ones. MartyMurray could you please weigh in? Thank you
chetan2u

Iwillget770
Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and yx is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Say distance is between 5 to 10: ­Nearest 5 km means the distance is rounded off to 5, if the distance is <7.5, otherwise rounded off to 10.
Thus, in case of 560, the distance would lie in range => \(557.5 \leq D < 562.5\)

Similarly, the hours would be in range ­=> \((6-\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4}) \leq D < (6+\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4})\) = \(6.875 \leq D < 7.125\)

Minimum average speed = smallest distance in maximum time = \(\frac{557.5}{7.125}=78.25\)
Maximum average speed = largest distance in minimum time = \(\frac{562.5}{6.875}=81.81\)

Thus, the range should contain all values from 78.25 to 81.81

Since y-x has to be minimal, look for an option just below 78.25 for x, and look for an option just above 81.81 for y.
x = 76 and y=82
­
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einstein801
Don't think the english is right. Rounded to the nearest 5KM simply means rounded to the nearest 5, i.e +/- 5KM. It is the same logic you would apply as rounding to the nearest 10th, 100th, or ones. MartyMurray could you please weigh in? Thank you
chetan2u

Iwillget770
Lee is planning a trip and estimates that, rounded to the nearest 5 kilometers (km), the length of the trip will be 560 km and that, rounded to the nearest ​​ hour, the driving time for the trip will be 7 hours. If these estimates are correct, then Lee’s average driving speed during the trip will be between __x__ kilometers per hour and _y__ kilometers per hour, where x < y.

From the values given in the table, select for x and for y the values that complete the statement in such a way that the interval between the selected values includes all possible average speeds for Lee's trip and yx is minimal. Make only two selections, one in each column.
Say distance is between 5 to 10: ­Nearest 5 km means the distance is rounded off to 5, if the distance is <7.5, otherwise rounded off to 10.
Thus, in case of 560, the distance would lie in range => \(557.5 \leq D < 562.5\)

Similarly, the hours would be in range ­=> \((6-\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4}) \leq D < (6+\frac{1}{2}*\frac{1}{4})\) = \(6.875 \leq D < 7.125\)

Minimum average speed = smallest distance in maximum time = \(\frac{557.5}{7.125}=78.25\)
Maximum average speed = largest distance in minimum time = \(\frac{562.5}{6.875}=81.81\)

Thus, the range should contain all values from 78.25 to 81.81

Since y-x has to be minimal, look for an option just below 78.25 for x, and look for an option just above 81.81 for y.
x = 76 and y=82
­
­Rounding some decimal, say x, to any number is to get x equal to the closest multiple of that number, and here that number is 5. Similarly it is true for rounding off to nearest 10, 100 and so on.

You have to be more direct with the doubt or the english issue?

The 'english' in the question gives us that a number x when rounded to closest 5 becomes 560. You have to find the least and max possible value of x, and similarly for number of hours. So, where is the doubt?­
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Hi chetan2u you answered me exactly which shows that the answer is wrong.

Rounding off to the closest multiple of that number, in this case 5, is 5 or 10. Hence for 560, min is 555 and max is 564 (assuming integer values only).
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einstein801
Hi chetan2u you answered me exactly which shows that the answer is wrong.

Rounding off to the closest multiple of that number, in this case 5, is 5 or 10. Hence for 560, min is 555 and max is 564 (assuming integer values only).
What you are writing is true for rounding off to nearest 10.

Here, we have to round to nearest 5, so 564 will be rounded off to 565 and not 560. Similarly 555 is already rounded off to a multiple of 5 while 556 will also be rounded to 555.

I hope that helps

Posted from my mobile device­
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d: distance
t: time
s: speed

Rounded to the nearest 5
=> 560 - 2.5 < d < 560 + 2.
=> 557.5 < d < 562.5
(e.g. 557.4 shall be nearer and then rounded to 555)

Rounded to the nearest 1/4 (= 0.25)
=> 7 - 0.125 < t < 7 + 0.125
=> 6.785 < t < 7.125

Max s = \(\frac{562.5}{6.875} = 81.81\)

Min s = \(\frac{557.5}{7.125} = 78.2\)

(i) For the interval between x and y include all possible values
=> x <= 78.2 and y >= 81.81

(ii) For x - y to be minimal
=> x = 76 (highest given value <= 78.2) and y = 82 (lowest given value >= 81.81)­
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big issue here.

why is the solution using 6 and 7/8 and 7 and 1/8?

if you are rounding to the nearest 1/4 hour, that has to mean 15 minute increments. why are we using 8ths?
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Dbrunik
big issue here.

why is the solution using 6 and 7/8 and 7 and 1/8?

if you are rounding to the nearest 1/4 hour, that has to mean 15 minute increments. why are we using 8ths?
rounded to Nearest 1/4 is given. So we should split the time into increments of 1/4 or .25

Say
6.5, 6.75, 7, .....

Let’s take a value between 6.75 and 7, we can round off to either of them. The difference between them is .25. So the middle point will be half of that .125, this is crossing point.

6.75+.125=6.875
Anything above this value will be rounded off to 7 and below will be rounded off to 6.75.
Similarly between the 7 and 7.25.

Essentially 7.125 and below is rounded off down to 7 and greater than 6.875 will be rounded up to 7. So these are the possible range of values.
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