Ok the question is
providing facts, therefore everything will be in Simple Present or Simple Past tense, depending on the context. Now here everything(non-underlined) is in Simple Present tense.
Moving on there are number of facts of listed and each of them is in Active Voice, so we see for Active Voice.
And last but not the least Parallelism!! Every facts listed should be Parallel to each other
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Researchers at Cornell University have demonstrated that homing
pigeons can sense changes in the earth's magnetic field, see light waves that people cannot see, detect low-frequency sounds from miles away,
sense changes in air pressure, and can identify familiar odors. (A) sense changes in air pressure, and
can identify familiar odors ---> Parallelism is not maintained e.g: It is
right to write:
I can drive Cars, wash Bikes, and break biscuits ORI can drive Cars, can wash Bikes, and can break biscuits, but it will be
wrong to write I can drive Cars, wash Bikes, and can break biscuits.
(B) can sense changes in air pressure, and can identify familiar odors --->
Same error as A(C) sense changes in air pressure, and identify familiar odors --->
Correct!(D)
air pressure changes can be sensed, and familiar odors identified --->
Passive Voice and very awkward construction(E)
air pressure changes are sensed, and familiar odors identified ------->
Very Very awkward construction I mean just read the sentence Pigeons can air pressure changes are sensed