Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later

I think Its c because of past tense usage

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i pick B here. there are 2 past events. at first TEL resisted the assignment then he led an Arab uprising. So B conveys the meaning correctly. in A, TEL resisted the assignment and led the uprising simultaneously, which is not the intended meaning. C just reversed the intended meaning. E is convoluted and wordy. correct me if i am wrong

Choice B should be the correct answer. This question is only about tense and logic of tense. Choice A is wrong in term of tense error. The first tense should be in past perfect.

IMO - B.

Explanation:
A. Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Time sequence error. Leading and Resisting seems to have happened at the same time. Hence, Incorrect.

B. Although he had resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Had indicates resistance happened before Lawrence led the uprising. Sounds right, plus 'Although he' followed by 'T.E. Lawrence' after comma is correct.

C. Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, had successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Changes the meaning of the sentence, it appears that leading happened before the resistance. Hence, incorrect.

D. Although he had resisted the assignment, Lawrence of Arabia, who successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, was earlier known as T. E. Lawrence.
he....refers to Lawrence of Arabia. Hence, incorrect.

E. T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, although they had resisted the assignment
Pronoun error - they incorrectly refers to T.E. Lawrence. Hence, incorrect.

A.Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Two actions happening at different times so the first one needs to have the correct tense 'had' to specify the order of events.
B. Although he had resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Correct. Tense is correct - 'he had' and also the commas are used correctly. 'He' refers correctly to T.E. Lawrence and then goes on to say that he successfully led an uprising.
C. Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, had successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.
Same as A, wrong tense.
D. Although he had resisted the assignment, Lawrence of Arabia, who successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, was earlier known as T. E. Lawrence.
Illogical sentence formation 'who' needs to refer to T.E. Lawrence but it does not do so correctly.
E. T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, although they had resisted the assignment.
'They' refers to T.E lawrence incorrectly.

Here's how I approach this problem:

Start with A. This actually seems okay, but obviously we should check the rest anyway. B immediately seems just as good if not better. By this point, it's pretty obvious that the answer is going to be A or B, and it's probably B, but let's check the rest anyway. C is obviously wrong, D is just silly and changes the meaning, and E is obviously wrong. So, A or B. Review the two. Clearly these are two past events and B gives a better idea of when they relatively happened. B is the answer.

this is very hard and beautiful problem. It takes me a long time to solve this problem.

on sc, normally, we have to face split had done+did and did+did

when we see this , ask your self the two actions happen in sequence or at the same time.

in A, the two actions happen at the time and this situation is not logic. the action after "although" can not happen at the same time with the action in the main clause. The action in the "although" clause must happen before the action in the main clause and so, "had done" and "did " are used. this process of imposing the times on 2 actions ia hard and takes a long time

this is typical of gmat question, which is simple and hard and very basic.

thank you Manhantan for making this question. this question simulates a situation in the real test , in which I was last time.

Among all the options, Option B fits in very well for me...

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"Resisted" happened first and then "Led"

so B fits in to indicate the timeline.....

B is the correct answer

"although" indicates that the first action preceded the second action, specifically in this sentence, and I don't think this would be the case all the way... therefore the first action should be past perfect "had resisted" and the second past simple "led"

Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.

A) Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire. WRONG - It sounds like,"resisting the assignment", and ,"leading", both happened at the same time.
B) Although he had resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire. CORRECT
C) Although he resisted the assignment, T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, had successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire.WRONG - It does change the meaning.
D) Although he had resisted the assignment, Lawrence of Arabia, who successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, was earlier known as T. E. Lawrence. WRONG - It has wrong modifier error. "Although he had resisted the assignment is modifying Lawrence of Arabia" which is wrong.
E) T. E. Lawrence, later known as Lawrence of Arabia, successfully led an Arab uprising against the Ottoman Empire, although they had resisted the assignment. WRONG - It has pronoun error

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