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# Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths

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Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths, in pages, of those seniors' theses are summarized in the graph above.

a. What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

[Reveal] Spoiler:
2

b. What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

[Reveal] Spoiler:
17

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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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02 Feb 2012, 04:57
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abhi47 wrote:

Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths in pages of those seniors's theses are summarized in the graph.

a) What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

B) What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

The graph is attached as a jpg file .

Could someone provide a simpler solution to this problem ? The actual solution provided is quite confusing.

There are total of 20 students.
1st group: 1 student wrote between 0-9 pages;
2nd group: 4 students wrote between 10-19 pages;
3rd group: 6 students wrote between 20-29 pages;
4th group: 7 students wrote between 30-39 pages;
5th group: 2 students wrote between 40-49 pages.

As there are 20 students, then the median length would be the average of 10th and 11th students writings. Both, 10th and 11th students are in the third group, so both these student wrote between 20 and 29 pages (so the median will be between 20 and 29).

A. We want to minimize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages. We want to spread the # of writings as far as possible. Make, all but 10th and 11th students from 3rd group to write 20 pages (min possible for this group), all student from 4th group to write 39 pages (max possible for this group) and 10th and 11th students to write 29 pages each, then median=(29+29)/2=29 and only these 2 student fall in the range 29-6=23 and 29+6=35 pages. Note that less than 2 is not possible as even if we put as far apart as possible 10th and 11th students' writings, 20 pages for 10th and 29th pages for 11th, then the median=(20+29)/2=24.5 and still these 2 student (at least) fall in the range median-6=18.5 and median+6=30.5 pages.

B. We want to maximize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages. We want to group # of writings as close as possible to the median, which still will be between 20 and 29. Now, make ALL 4 students from the second group to write 19 pages (max possible for this group) and ALL 7 students from the fourth group to write 30 pages (min possible for this group). Also make 10th and 11th students form the third group to write 24 and 25 pages, so that the median will be (24+25)/2=24.5. In this cases all these writings will fall in the range 24.5-6=18.5 and 24.5+6=30.5, so total of 4+7+6=17 writings.

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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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04 Feb 2012, 03:17
Bunuel, I do not understand the explanation. I got median between 10-11th students median range of 20-29 pages. I lost you from there....request an explanation if possible to help me understand
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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04 Feb 2012, 08:02
Expert's post
sdas wrote:
Bunuel, I do not understand the explanation. I got median between 10-11th students median range of 20-29 pages. I lost you from there....request an explanation if possible to help me understand

A. In order to to minimize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as far as possible from the median. As the median is between 20-29 pages long (the third group) then move 4 students writings from this group to its lowest limit (20) and move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its highest limit (39). Next, if 2 other students from the third group wrote 29 pages each, then the median would be 29, and only those two students will fall in the range from 29-6=23 and 29+6=35. Total: 2.

B. In order to to maximize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as close as possible from the median. The same here: move all 4 students writings from the 2nd group to its highest limit (19), move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its lowest (30). Next, make the median so that median-6<19 (in order 4 students from the 2nd group to fall in the range) and median+6>30 (in order 7 students from the 4th group to fall in the range), which basically means that the median should be (19+30)/2=24.5. So, 10th and 11th students form the third group should write 24 and 25 pages (obviouslyall other students from this group will also be in the range). Total: 4+6+7=17.

Hope it's clear.
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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07 Feb 2012, 01:28
Sorry Bunuel, I still cannot get there. Your explanation is still not clear to me. I am very weak in statistics, if you could please break it down a bit more, perhaps I will get there. Thanks in advance
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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07 Feb 2012, 03:31
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abhi47 wrote:
Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths in pages of those seniors's theses are summarized in the graph.

a) What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

B) What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?
Attachment:
WpS6j.png

Could someone provide a simpler solution to this problem ? The actual solution provided is quite confusing.

The graph gives us the following information:
No of pages : No of people
0-9 : 1
10 - 19 : 4
20 - 29 : 6
30 - 39 : 7
40 - 49 : 2

There are a total of 20 people (1+4+6+7+2)
The median number of pages will be the mean of the 10th and the 11th terms.
The 10th and 11th seniors lie in the 20-29 pages interval. So the median will lie in the 20 - 29 interval.

The list of the number of pages could look something like this:
List 1: 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20, [highlight]20, 20[/highlight], 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 40, 40
or
List 2: 5, 10, 12, 12, 13, 20, 20, 20, 20, [highlight]29, 29[/highlight], 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 40, 40
or
List 3: 5, 10, 12, 12, 13, 20, 20, 20, 20, [highlight]27, 29[/highlight], 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 39, 40, 40
or many many other ways

The highlighted terms are the 10th and the 11th terms.

a) What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

We need to move people away from the 10th and the 11th terms such that they are not within 6 pages of median.
Median can be 20 or 29 or anything in between (e.g. (28+29)/2 = 28.5 or (20+29)/2 = 24.5 etc)
In list 1, median is 20. In list 2, median is 29 (there are only two people within a distance of 6 from 29).
Is it possible to move ALL people 6 pages away from median? No. We have 4 more people in the 20-29 range and even if they all are at 20, the 10th person will be at 27 and 11th will be at 29. So the median will be 28. (see list 3)

So the 10th and the 11th person will always be within 6 pages of the median.

B) What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?
We try to bring the people from all groups as close as possible to the median.
Only people from 10-19, 20-29 and 30-39 can possibly be 6 pages away. Let's bring the median right in the middle so that 10-19 and 30-39 can come within 6 pages of the median.

List: 5, 19, 19, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20, [highlight]20, 29[/highlight], 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 40, 40
The median here will be (20+29)/2 = 24.5
Therefore we can have 4+6+7 = 17 seniors lie within 6 pages of the median.
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Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for $199 Veritas Prep Reviews Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 33506 Followers: 5931 Kudos [?]: 73508 [1] , given: 9902 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 07 Feb 2012, 03:32 1 This post received KUDOS Expert's post 3 This post was BOOKMARKED sdas wrote: Sorry Bunuel, I still cannot get there. Your explanation is still not clear to me. I am very weak in statistics, if you could please break it down a bit more, perhaps I will get there. Thanks in advance Can you please specify what part didn't you get? Check similar questions to practice: 5-peices-of-wood-have-an-average-length-of-124-inches-and-123513.html in-a-class-of-30-students-2-students-did-not-borrow-any-101980.html set-r-contains-five-numbers-that-have-an-average-value-of-102087.html three-boxes-of-supplies-have-an-average-arithmetic-mean-105819.html the-average-arithmetic-mean-of-the-5-positive-integers-k-107059.html if-the-average-of-5-positive-integers-is-40-and-the-127038.html Hope it helps. _________________ Senior Manager Joined: 23 Mar 2011 Posts: 473 Location: India GPA: 2.5 WE: Operations (Hospitality and Tourism) Followers: 19 Kudos [?]: 180 [0], given: 59 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 07 Feb 2012, 09:31 Hi Bunuel, I was not clear on how you were moving the students away and closer to the median. But Karishma already explained - got that totally now. Thank you Karishma. I will also review the links Bunuel mentioned now, I need to brush up statistics a lot.... _________________ "When the going gets tough, the tough gets going!" Bring ON SOME KUDOS MATES+++ ----------------------------- Quant Notes consolidated: consolodited-quant-guides-of-forum-most-helpful-in-preps-151067.html#p1217652 My GMAT journey begins: my-gmat-journey-begins-122251.html All about Richard Ivey: all-about-richard-ivey-148594.html#p1190518 Manager Joined: 09 Apr 2013 Posts: 214 Location: United States Concentration: Finance, Economics GMAT 1: 710 Q44 V44 GMAT 2: 740 Q48 V44 GPA: 3.1 WE: Sales (Mutual Funds and Brokerage) Followers: 4 Kudos [?]: 71 [0], given: 40 Re: Statistics [#permalink] ### Show Tags 10 May 2013, 23:53 A. 1.... the median itself. because the range in each column is 10, you could have everything but the median more than 6 pages away... if that's how it's meant to interpretted (6 pages is pretty arbitrary otherwise). For example, if the median is 29, and if the rest of column [20-20] is only 20 pages each, and all of column [30-39] is greater than 35 pages each. B. 17. If the median is 25 and all of column [10-19] is actually 19, and all of column [30-39] is actually 30... I don't think this would be a GMAT question though. Intern Joined: 05 Apr 2010 Posts: 15 Followers: 0 Kudos [?]: 8 [0], given: 4 Re: Statistics [#permalink] ### Show Tags 11 May 2013, 01:09 I found this Q on Manhattan GMAT Book Guide 3. Math Expert Joined: 02 Sep 2009 Posts: 33506 Followers: 5931 Kudos [?]: 73508 [0], given: 9902 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 18 Jun 2013, 01:42 Expert's post 1 This post was BOOKMARKED Bumping for review and further discussion*. Get a kudos point for an alternative solution! *New project from GMAT Club!!! Check HERE All DS Graphs and Illustrations Problems to practice: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=240 All PS Graphs and Illustrations Problems to practice: search.php?search_id=tag&tag_id=239 _________________ Intern Joined: 07 Sep 2012 Posts: 4 Followers: 0 Kudos [?]: 0 [0], given: 19 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 06 Jul 2013, 11:31 Excellent answers ! Current Student Status: Everyone is a leader. Just stop listening to others. Joined: 22 Mar 2013 Posts: 993 Location: India GPA: 3.51 WE: Information Technology (Computer Software) Followers: 152 Kudos [?]: 1156 [0], given: 226 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 21 Aug 2013, 12:45 I tried to calculate median using cumulative frequency and got 27.333 + - 6 => 21.3 and 33.3. Using this range i got 0 and 13 answer. Attachment: median.jpg [ 54.4 KiB | Viewed 6369 times ] Is this method applicable to this question ? or I am using a wrong method please help to verify ? Thanks. _________________ Piyush K ----------------------- Our greatest weakness lies in giving up. The most certain way to succeed is to try just one more time. ― Thomas A. Edison Don't forget to press--> Kudos My Articles: 1. WOULD: when to use? | 2. All GMATPrep RCs (New) Tip: Before exam a week earlier don't forget to exhaust all gmatprep problems specially for "sentence correction". Veritas Prep GMAT Instructor Joined: 16 Oct 2010 Posts: 6667 Location: Pune, India Followers: 1828 Kudos [?]: 11110 [0], given: 218 Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink] ### Show Tags 21 Aug 2013, 23:15 Expert's post PiyushK wrote: I tried to calculate median using cumulative frequency and got 27.333 + - 6 => 21.3 and 33.3. Using this range i got 0 and 13 answer. Attachment: median.jpg Is this method applicable to this question ? or I am using a wrong method please help to verify ? Thanks. I am not sure what you have done here and why. How did you get a value for median? The median can take various different values. Also median is not a range or two points (21.3 and 33.3 that you obtained). Median of a data set is a single value. Are you somehow using Standard Deviation here? _________________ Karishma Veritas Prep | GMAT Instructor My Blog Get started with Veritas Prep GMAT On Demand for$199

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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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25 Aug 2013, 01:38
Hi Karishma,

I found this formula to calculate median for data defined in intervals.
Refer following link scroll down to median's formula.
http://mba-lectures.com/statistics/desc ... -data.html

I am just doing plus minus 6 pages to the median page count.
In this range I can keep minimum 0 seniors and maximum all 13 seniors.

Regards
PiyushK
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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26 Aug 2013, 23:54
Expert's post
PiyushK wrote:
Hi Karishma,

I found this formula to calculate median for data defined in intervals.
Refer following link scroll down to median's formula.
http://mba-lectures.com/statistics/desc ... -data.html

I am just doing plus minus 6 pages to the median page count.
In this range I can keep minimum 0 seniors and maximum all 13 seniors.

Regards
PiyushK

The two concepts are different. In simple terms, the method you used is used to "best guess" the value of the median. Say, we only have the data of the graph and we need to guess the value of the median, then we can use that method. Actually, the value of the median might be much different. This question does not make you guess the value of the median. It says that the value can vary and asks for the case where you will get least/most members. It asks you how you should allot the pages so that you get the least/most value.
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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16 Dec 2013, 10:20
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Dear Karishma ,

Is there any graphical method for better understanding

VeritasPrepKarishma wrote:
abhi47 wrote:
Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths in pages of those seniors's theses are summarized in the graph.

a) What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

B) What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?
Attachment:
WpS6j.png

Could someone provide a simpler solution to this problem ? The actual solution provided is quite confusing.

The graph gives us the following information:
No of pages : No of people
0-9 : 1
10 - 19 : 4
20 - 29 : 6
30 - 39 : 7
40 - 49 : 2

There are a total of 20 people (1+4+6+7+2)
The median number of pages will be the mean of the 10th and the 11th terms.
The 10th and 11th seniors lie in the 20-29 pages interval. So the median will lie in the 20 - 29 interval.

The list of the number of pages could look something like this:
List 1: 5, 10, 10, 10, 10, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 40, 40
or
List 2: 5, 10, 12, 12, 13, 20, 20, 20, 20, 29, 29, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 40, 40
or
List 3: 5, 10, 12, 12, 13, 20, 20, 20, 20, 27, 29, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 36, 39, 40, 40
or many many other ways

The highlighted terms are the 10th and the 11th terms.

a) What is the least possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?

We need to move people away from the 10th and the 11th terms such that they are not within 6 pages of median.
Median can be 20 or 29 or anything in between (e.g. (28+29)/2 = 28.5 or (20+29)/2 = 24.5 etc)
In list 1, median is 20. In list 2, median is 29 (there are only two people within a distance of 6 from 29).
Is it possible to move ALL people 6 pages away from median? No. We have 4 more people in the 20-29 range and even if they all are at 20, the 10th person will be at 27 and 11th will be at 29. So the median will be 28. (see list 3)

So the 10th and the 11th person will always be within 6 pages of the median.

B) What is the greatest possible number of seniors whose theses were within six pages of the median length ?
We try to bring the people from all groups as close as possible to the median.
Only people from 10-19, 20-29 and 30-39 can possibly be 6 pages away. Let's bring the median right in the middle so that 10-19 and 30-39 can come within 6 pages of the median.

List: 5, 19, 19, 19, 19, 20, 20, 20, 20, 20, 29, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 30, 40, 40
The median here will be (20+29)/2 = 24.5
Therefore we can have 4+6+7 = 17 seniors lie within 6 pages of the median.
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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10 Feb 2014, 05:51
Bunuel wrote:
sdas wrote:
Bunuel, I do not understand the explanation. I got median between 10-11th students median range of 20-29 pages. I lost you from there....request an explanation if possible to help me understand

A. In order to to minimize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as far as possible from the median. As the median is between 20-29 pages long (the third group) then move 4 students writings from this group to its lowest limit (20) and move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its highest limit (39). Next, if 2 other students from the third group wrote 29 pages each, then the median would be 29, and only those two students will fall in the range from 29-6=23 and 29+6=35. Total: 2.

B. In order to to maximize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as close as possible from the median. The same here: move all 4 students writings from the 2nd group to its highest limit (19), move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its lowest (30). Next, make the median so that median-6<19 (in order 4 students from the 2nd group to fall in the range) and median+6>30 (in order 7 students from the 4th group to fall in the range), which basically means that the median should be (19+30)/2=24.5. So, 10th and 11th students form the third group should write 24 and 25 pages (obviouslyall other students from this group will also be in the range). Total: 4+6+7=17.

Hope it's clear.

Hi Bunuel,
I know the median length is the average length of the 10th and 11th theses, but in the group where all of the 6 theses have 20-29 pages each, the 10th and the 11th theses are in the middle in terms of their lengths, therefore, given both 10th and 11th theses have 29 pages, the 8th and 9th theses in the 20-29 group have 22 pages each , and all of the 7 theses in the 30-39 group have 36 pages, I think the least number of the seniors writing theses satisfying the length within the range is 4, rather than 2, because the length of the 12th and 13th theses in the 20-29 group cannot be shorter than the 10th and 11th theses in the same group. Am I right? Thank you.
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Re: Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths [#permalink]

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13 Feb 2014, 02:03
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smallapple wrote:
Bunuel wrote:
sdas wrote:
Bunuel, I do not understand the explanation. I got median between 10-11th students median range of 20-29 pages. I lost you from there....request an explanation if possible to help me understand

A. In order to to minimize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as far as possible from the median. As the median is between 20-29 pages long (the third group) then move 4 students writings from this group to its lowest limit (20) and move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its highest limit (39). Next, if 2 other students from the third group wrote 29 pages each, then the median would be 29, and only those two students will fall in the range from 29-6=23 and 29+6=35. Total: 2.

B. In order to to maximize the # of writings which fall in the range median-6 and median+6 pages we should move as many writing as close as possible from the median. The same here: move all 4 students writings from the 2nd group to its highest limit (19), move all 7 students writings from the 4th group to its lowest (30). Next, make the median so that median-6<19 (in order 4 students from the 2nd group to fall in the range) and median+6>30 (in order 7 students from the 4th group to fall in the range), which basically means that the median should be (19+30)/2=24.5. So, 10th and 11th students form the third group should write 24 and 25 pages (obviouslyall other students from this group will also be in the range). Total: 4+6+7=17.

Hope it's clear.

Hi Bunuel,
I know the median length is the average length of the 10th and 11th theses, but in the group where all of the 6 theses have 20-29 pages each, the 10th and the 11th theses are in the middle in terms of their lengths, therefore, given both 10th and 11th theses have 29 pages, the 8th and 9th theses in the 20-29 group have 22 pages each , and all of the 7 theses in the 30-39 group have 36 pages, I think the least number of the seniors writing theses satisfying the length within the range is 4, rather than 2, because the length of the 12th and 13th theses in the 20-29 group cannot be shorter than the 10th and 11th theses in the same group. Am I right? Thank you.

No, you are not right. Consider example below:

{0} {10, 10, 10, 10} {20, 20, 20, 20, 29, 29} {39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39, 39} {40, 40}

1st group: 1 student wrote between 0-9 pages;
2nd group: 4 students wrote between 10-19 pages;
3rd group: 6 students wrote between 20-29 pages;
4th group: 7 students wrote between 30-39 pages;
5th group: 2 students wrote between 40-49 pages.

Hope it helps.
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124 In the figure, each side of square ABCD has length 1, the length of li 26 19 Oct 2007, 04:37
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# Each senior in a college course wrote a thesis. The lengths

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