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Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using

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Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 08 Jun 2012, 01:16
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Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using virtual-reality therapy to reduce their fear of heights, 40 percent experienced sweaty palms, 30 percent experienced vomiting, and 75 percent experienced dizziness. If all of the subjects experienced at least one of these effects and 35 percent of the subjects experienced exactly two of these effects, how many of the subjects experienced only one of these effects?

A. 105
B. 125
C. 130
D. 180
E. 195
[Reveal] Spoiler: OA
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 08 Jun 2012, 01:43
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The best way to tackle this question is probably the formula for three overlapping sets:

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (sum of 2-group overlaps) - 2*(all three) + Neither

Total = 300(.4) + 300(.3) + 300(.75) - 300(.35) - 2*(all three) + 0
300*.1 = 30
300 = 120 + 90 + 225 - 105 - 2*(all three)
2*(all three) = 30
:. 15 experienced all three effects

So Group 1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - 2-group overlaps * 2 - 3-group overlaps * 3 is our answer
= 120 + 90 + 225 - 105*2 - 15*3
= 435 - 210 - 45
= 180
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 08 Jun 2012, 01:57
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Quote:
Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using virtual-reality therapy to reduce their fear of heights, 40 percent experienced sweaty palms, 30 percent experienced vomiting, and 75 percent experienced dizziness. If all of the subjects experienced at least one of these effects and 35 percent of the subjects experienced exactly two of these effects, how many of the subjects experienced only one of these effects?

A. 105
B. 125
C. 130
D. 180
E. 195
Hi,

We know, A\cup B\cup C = A+B+C-A\cap B-B\cap C-C\cap A +A\cap B\cap C
where
A = 40%
B = 30%
C = 75%
As per the attached Venn diagram,
A\cup B\cup C=100%

A\cap B+B\cap C+C\cap A=Exactly two - 3x (assuming A\cap B\cap C=x)
=35-3x
Thus,
100= 40+30+75-(35-3x)+x
or x = 5%

Thus, subjects expriencing only one effect = 100% - (subjects expriencing only two effects) - (subjects expriencing all effects)
or subjects expriencing only one effect = 100 - 35 - 5 = 60%

60% of 300 = 180

Answer is (D)

Regards,
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 11 Feb 2013, 03:27
vandygrad11 wrote:
The best way to tackle this question is probably the formula for three overlapping sets:

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (sum of 2-group overlaps) - 2*(all three) + Neither

Total = 300(.4) + 300(.3) + 300(.75) - 300(.35) - 2*(all three) + 0
300*.1 = 30
300 = 120 + 90 + 225 - 105 - 2*(all three)
2*(all three) = 30
:. 15 experienced all three effects

So Group 1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - 2-group overlaps * 2 - 3-group overlaps * 3 is our answer
= 120 + 90 + 225 - 105*2 - 15*3
= 435 - 210 - 45
= 180


I'm having trouble understanding this formula. Why is the sum of all three overlaps multiplied by two?

Thanks in advance.
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 11 Feb 2013, 05:43
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iwillbeatthegmat wrote:
vandygrad11 wrote:
The best way to tackle this question is probably the formula for three overlapping sets:

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (sum of 2-group overlaps) - 2*(all three) + Neither

Total = 300(.4) + 300(.3) + 300(.75) - 300(.35) - 2*(all three) + 0
300*.1 = 30
300 = 120 + 90 + 225 - 105 - 2*(all three)
2*(all three) = 30
:. 15 experienced all three effects

So Group 1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - 2-group overlaps * 2 - 3-group overlaps * 3 is our answer
= 120 + 90 + 225 - 105*2 - 15*3
= 435 - 210 - 45
= 180


I'm having trouble understanding this formula. Why is the sum of all three overlaps multiplied by two?

Thanks in advance.


Explained here: advanced-overlapping-sets-problems-144260.html

Hope it helps.
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 12 Feb 2013, 02:46
It helped a great deal! Thanks Bunuel! As always, your input is priceless!!
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 25 May 2013, 07:40
people who experienced

1 symptom only - a

2 symptom only- b =35% (given)

3 symptom only- c

no symptoms- 0
a+b+c=100%

a+35%+c = 100% -----> (1)

also

Group 1= 40%

Group 2= 30%

Group 3= 75%

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (people with 2 symptoms only) - 2*(people with 3 symptpoms only) + Neither

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (b) - 2*(c) + 0

Total = 40% +30%+75%-35% - 2*(c) + 0= 100%

110%-2c=100%

c=5% -----> (2)

from (1) and (2)

a + 35% + 5% = 100%

a= 60%= 60%(300)= 180. Answer D
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 28 May 2013, 16:09
vandygrad11 wrote:
The best way to tackle this question is probably the formula for three overlapping sets:

Total = Group1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - (sum of 2-group overlaps) - 2*(all three) + Neither

Total = 300(.4) + 300(.3) + 300(.75) - 300(.35) - 2*(all three) + 0
300*.1 = 30
300 = 120 + 90 + 225 - 105 - 2*(all three)
2*(all three) = 30
:. 15 experienced all three effects

So Group 1 + Group 2 + Group 3 - 2-group overlaps * 2 - 3-group overlaps * 3 is our answer
= 120 + 90 + 225 - 105*2 - 15*3
= 435 - 210 - 45
= 180

got 195 i didnt add all and take that as the total but instead left 300 as the total
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using [#permalink] New post 28 May 2013, 22:44
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x+y+z+p+q+r+w = 300 ---- (a)
x+p+w+q = 120 (40% of 300) ----(1)
p+q+w+r = 90 (30 % of 300)----(2)
similarly q+w+r+z = 225----(3)

Need to find x+y+z=?

Adding equations (1), (2) and (3)
we get x+y+z+2(p+q+r+w)+w=435
subtract equation (a) from above equation
we get p+q+r+2w = 135
given p+q+r = 105 (35% of 300)

so w =15 and p+q+r+w = 120

substitute value of above equation in (a) gets x+y+z = 180
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Re: Of the 300 subjects who participated in an experiment using   [#permalink] 28 May 2013, 22:44
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