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New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo!

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AndyNeedsGMAT
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   24 Jun 2014, 00:20
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souvik101990 wrote:
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lakes.

(A) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump
(B) reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping
(C) reduces the phosphate amount municipalities have been allowed to dump
(D) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump
(E) reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities

Really, REALLY great question. Here are my thoughts on the cruz of the question.

Fact The 1972 agreement reduced the amount of phosphate allowed to dump.

Now, since the agreement is in the past, I cannot use a present tense verb. So "reduces" does not work at all. Eliminate C and E.

Now let's think about tenses.
If I use past perfect, what does it mean really? It means that the agreement reduced something that happened before the passage of the agreement. SO I cannot use the perfect past tense. Eliminate A and B.

D is the correct answer




Just in case if option (d) had : "reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities were allowed to dump" - would that have fitted better ?
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New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   24 Jun 2014, 01:21
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ani781 wrote:
souvik101990 wrote:
The huge earthquake that occurred in Chile in 1960, had a magnitude of 9.5, believed to be the largest earthquake the world has ever seen.

(A) believed to be
(B) and that is believed to be
(C) and it is believed to have been
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which is believed to be

A) Sentence fragment.
B) Sentence fragment.
C) Correct.
D) which was - it is believed, - Wrong verb tense. VERY awkward construction.
E) "Which" needs to touch the noun that it modifies.



Why is B a Sentence fragment ? Is it because this starts with a THAT and can't stand on it's own ?



YES. B has no direct reference to a Noun or a Pronoun.
Whereas using IT rather than THAT solves this problem.

-Sameer
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New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   24 Jun 2014, 01:24
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ani781 wrote:
souvik101990 wrote:
A 1972 agreement between Canada and the United States reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump into the Great Lakes.

(A) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities had been allowed to dump
(B) reduced the phosphate amount that municipalities had been dumping
(C) reduces the phosphate amount municipalities have been allowed to dump
(D) reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities are allowed to dump
(E) reduces the amount of phosphates allowed for dumping by municipalities

Really, REALLY great question. Here are my thoughts on the cruz of the question.

Fact The 1972 agreement reduced the amount of phosphate allowed to dump.

Now, since the agreement is in the past, I cannot use a present tense verb. So "reduces" does not work at all. Eliminate C and E.

Now let's think about tenses.
If I use past perfect, what does it mean really? It means that the agreement reduced something that happened before the passage of the agreement. SO I cannot use the perfect past tense. Eliminate A and B.

D is the correct answer




Just in case if option (d) had : "reduced the amount of phosphates that municipalities were allowed to dump" - would that have fitted better ?


Well, I agree with you. If we use "were allowed", it removes the confusion from the sentence.

-Sameer
press kudos if it helped :)
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New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   04 Jul 2014, 03:56
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ani781 wrote:
souvik101990 wrote:
The huge earthquake that occurred in Chile in 1960, had a magnitude of 9.5, believed to be the largest earthquake the world has ever seen.

(A) believed to be
(B) and that is believed to be
(C) and it is believed to have been
(D) which was, it is believed,
(E) which is believed to be

A) Sentence fragment.
B) Sentence fragment.
C) Correct.
D) which was - it is believed, - Wrong verb tense. VERY awkward construction.
E) "Which" needs to touch the noun that it modifies.



Why is B a Sentence fragment ? Is it because this starts with a THAT and can't stand on it's own ?


Detailed analysis of the same question:

The huge earthquake that occurred in Chile in 1960, had a magnitude of 9.5, believed to be the largest earthquake the world has ever seen.

Subject "The huge earthquake" is modified by " that occurred in Chile in 1960" and has verb "had a magnitude of 9.5".

a) "believed to be the largest earthquake the world has ever seen" logically needs to refer to "The huge earthquake" but is far away from the phrase and is confusing. Repeating subject in the last part of the sentence would solve this problem.
b) Using "That" as a subordinate conjunction would be good idea but here connected by AND "that" is paying a role of pronoun with no clear reference.
c) "it" solves all the problems

d) and e) - Which always refers to the phrase touching it, thus not correct here.

Regards
Sameer
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   17 Sep 2015, 06:07
Choice E is correct Because " Date at " is correct idiom.
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   17 Sep 2015, 21:29
souvik101990 wrote:
gauravkaushik8591 wrote:
The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also the French legal system.

(A). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also the French legal system

(B). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but of also the French legal system

(C). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system

(D). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features of not only the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system

(E). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, Kyrgyzstan has a legal system that includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French

Yet another thread in which people haven't yet come up with a satisfactory explanation.
one-question-a-day-q-9-sc-169252.html

PS - I'm not bombarding you with questions for kudos but you could post an expert explanation on the forum and help the crowd. : )


This has bad OA. I would avoid it. Here are my thoughts.

(A). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also the French legal system Not only... and but also... are not parallel

(B). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but of also the French legal system The legal system did not acquire independence. Also same error persists for Not only and but also

(C). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system The legal system did not acquire independence.

(D). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features of not only the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system Same errors

(E). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, Kyrgyzstan has a legal system that includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French
I would pick this one as the answer. Russian legal system does not seem parallel to French, but it's a permissible ellipses.





I was able to pick answer "E" in under a minute. What I analyzed is-
options A and B are missing 'of' which make them defaulters.
In options C and D, 'Legal system' is redundant. You don't need the Legal system after French. IMO

Would this be a viable explanation?
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   07 Jun 2019, 03:52
Presently the East African country is focussed on privatization of state-owned enterprises, expansion of democracy and political freedom, and de-escalation of interethnic conflicts and ousting corruption.

" , and" before de-escalation shows end of the list, and hence, end of the parallel element.
Thus, underline words should be in parallel while "ousting corruption" need not be. However, "ousting corruption" is still another issue East African country is focused ON. As a rule of grammar, the preposition should be repeated before ousting corruption to avoid any confusion.

Now let us analyse various options:

(A) Privatization, expansion, and de-escalation are in parallel no preposition before ousting corruption

(B) same as (A)

(C) correct usage

(D) Prefer Verb > Adjective > Noun , if everything else is similar in two options (here C and D). Prefer direct usage "ousting corruption" over noun form "on ousting of corruption" which is awkward.

Privatization, expansion, and de-escalation are in parallel usage "on ousting of corruption" is inferior to - "ousting corruption"

(E)Privatization, expanding , and de-escalation are not in parallel... and no preposition before ousting corruption


-Sameer

Press kudos if it helped :)[/quote]


But they say the correct answer is B though- C is wrong because "The ‘and’ after freedom is unparallel"
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   18 Jul 2019, 04:24
gauravkaushik8591 wrote:
The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also the French legal system.

(A). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also the French legal system

(B). The legal system of Kyrgyzstan after acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc includes features not only of the Russian legal system but of also the French legal system

(C). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system

(D). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, the legal system of Kyrgyzstan includes features of not only the Russian legal system but also of the French legal system

(E). After acquiring independence from the Soviet bloc, Kyrgyzstan has a legal system that includes features not only of the Russian legal system but also of the French

Yet another thread in which people haven't yet come up with a satisfactory explanation.
https://gmatclub.com/forum/one-question- ... 69252.html

PS - I'm not bombarding you with questions for kudos but you could post an expert explanation on the forum and help the crowd. : )



choice e is oa.
preposition+doing such as after accquiring can refers to the subject/agent of the main clause. but it can refer to general action not to any noun/agent if there is no noun/agent. the following is an example (from gmatprep)

In order to evenly and effectively paint a rough surface, it is necessary to sand it and apply primer before applying the paint.


A. it and apply primer before applying the paint

B. it and prime it and paint it

C. it, then prime it, then paint it

D. the surface and apply primer before you apply paint to the surface

E. the surface, apply primer to the surface and then paint it
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   11 Aug 2021, 13:33
This question should not show up in GMATCLUB quiz. @banuel
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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink] New post   22 Jan 2023, 05:04
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

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Re: New SC project - ask a question, get explanation and a kudo! [#permalink]
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