Bunuel wrote:
12 Days of Christmas GMAT Competition with Lots of FunTo foster students’ motivation levels, several high schools have introduced “question initiatives”, requiring teachers to regularly ask about their students’ opinions on important issues. These schools typically have low teacher morale, and for this reason they have to enforce these practices. However, research shows that students can distinguish between feigned interest and genuine interest and that feigned interest prompts negative feelings in students. Thus, it is unlikely that the “question initiatives” will achieve their goal.
The argument relies on which of the following as an assumption?
(A) The question initiatives have been almost completely successful in getting teachers to regularly inquire about their students’ opinions on important issues.
(B) At the high schools that have launched the question initiatives, none of the teachers expressed genuine interest in their students’ opinions on important issues before the initiatives were launched.
(C) The feelings that teachers generate in their students are a principal determinant of how engaged the students will be with their education.
(D) Students' feelings about feigned interest are no better than their feelings about the other behaviors teachers with low morale are likely to express.
(E) Students rarely, if ever, react negatively to an expression of genuine interest in their opinions on important issues from a teacher.
Expert's Global Official ExplanationMind-map: Teachers are asked to seek students’ opinions --> low teacher morale --> teachers show feigned interest --> students can identify feigned interest --> the initiatives will likely fail to motivate students (implicit conclusion)
Missing-link: Between all the facts mentioned and the conclusion that the initiative will likely fail to motivate students
Expectation from the correct answer choice: To strengthen the conclusion that the initiative will likely fail to motivate students, through a valid assumption
A. This statement suggests that “teachers are regularly inquiring about students’ opinions” but
does not relate to the issue of “genuine” or “fake” interest, and so this statement is just additional detail and does not strengthen the argument. Besides, this condition
is not necessary for the argument to hold and thus, is not a valid assumption. Because this answer choice does not strengthen the conclusion through a valid assumption, this answer choice is incorrect.
B. Trap. The argument is concerned with what happens “after” the questions initiative is launched in “a particular school”, and
not with what happened in “other” schools “before” such initiatives were launched; so, this statement is irrelevant to the argument and its conclusion. Besides, this condition
is not necessary for the argument to hold and thus, is not a valid assumption. Because this answer choice does not strengthen the conclusion through a valid assumption, this answer choice is incorrect.
C. Trap. This answer choice is
concerned with the effect of “question initiatives” whereas the
argument is about the likely failure of the initiative; thus, this answer choice, although relevant to the broad context of the argument, has no bearing on the reasoning or its conclusion. Besides, this condition
is not necessary for the argument to hold and thus, is not a valid assumption. Because this answer choice does not strengthen the conclusion through a valid assumption, this answer choice is incorrect.
D. Correct. If the idea that “feigned interest generates no better/stronger feeling in students than that generated by other behaviors of teachers with low morale” is connected to the premise “feigned interest prompts negative feelings in students”, it suggests that other behaviors of teachers with low morale prompt “equally strong feelings” in students, and
strengthens the conclusion that “the initiatives will likely fail to motivate students”. Additionally, this statement
does have to be true for the conclusion to hold; negating this statement would mean that feigned interest generates “better/stronger feelings” in students than that generated by other behaviors of teachers with low morale and thus, negate the conclusion. Because this answer choice strengthens the conclusion through a valid assumption, this answer choice is correct.
E. Trap. The argument is concerned with students’ responses to “feigned interests”, and
not with students’ responses to “genuine interest”; so, this statement is irrelevant to the argument and its conclusion. Besides, this condition
is not necessary for the argument to hold and thus, is not a valid assumption. Because this answer choice does not strengthen the conclusion through a valid assumption, this answer choice is incorrect.
D is the best choice.