souvik101990 wrote:
Gerrit: While browsing in a record store I noticed that one copy of a recording I wanted had mistakenly been priced at a quarter of the list price. When I finally reached the cashier, I was told that the price had been mismarked and I would have to pay the full list price. Since I had wasted an hour standing in line, the retailer was morally obligated to sell me the recording at the lower price.
Saskia: I disagree. You knew that a mistake had been made, and you were simply trying to take advantage of that mistake.
Which one of the following principles, if established, would most help to justify Saskia’s position?
(A) The price displayed on an item in a retail store morally constitutes an irrevocable offer to sell the item at that price.
(B) Customers of retail stores are morally entitled to profit from any mistakes that the retailers make in marking prices.
(C) Retailers are morally entitled to update marked prices periodically in order to reflect changes in manufacturers’ suggested prices.
(D) Retailers are morally obligated to meet expectations about prices that they have intentionally encouraged their customers to hold.
(E) Retailers are morally obligated to sell an item to a customer at a mismarked price only if that customer was genuinely misled about the intended price by the mismarking.
General Description: This question asks you to find the principle that would most help justify Saskia's position in arguing against Gerrit. To do so, it is important that you understand exactly what Saskia's position is, and how it is supported.
A. Incorrect. This principle would actually help establish Gerrit's position, not Saskia's. If the principle in response (A) were established, it would follow that the retailer was morally obligated to sell Gerrit the recording at the lower, mistaken price, since that was the price actually marked on the recording.
B. Incorrect. This principle would actually help establish Gerrit's position, not Saskia's. If the principle in response (B) were established, it would follow that Gerrit was morally entitled to profit from the retailer's mistake, that is, that he was morally entitled to purchase the recording at the lower, incorrect price.
C. Incorrect. Since the conversation in the passage does not address the question of updating prices in response to changes in manufacturers' suggested prices, this principle cannot help justify Saskia's position.
D. Incorrect. Since the retailer discussed in the passage did not intentionally encourage Gerrit to hold a certain expectation about the price of the recording (Gerrit says the price was "mistakenly" marked), the establishment of this principle cannot help justify Saskia's position.
E.
Correct. This principle presents a condition as necessary to create an obligation for a retailer to sell an item at a mismarked price: Only if the customer was "
genuinely misled" about the price is such an obligation created. Since Gerrit was not genuinely misled about the price by the mismarking, the principle's necessary condition for such an obligation does not obtain in this case. That is, establishing the principle in response (E) would help justify Saskia's position that there is no such obligation in this case.
Difficulty Level: Easy
Tips and Pitfalls: To justify one side's position, it is not sufficient that a principle undermine the opposing side's position;
the correct response must provide positive support for the position in question.