Bunuel wrote:
Each of the past four years, the number of applications to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States has declined by more than ten percent year over year according to a recent report by American College Daily. From this statistic, it can be reasonably concluded that fewer U.S. students are interested in literature Ph.D. programs now than were four years ago.
Each of the following, if true, would weaken the conclusion EXCEPT:
A. The average age of applicants to United States literature Ph.D. programs has changed markedly over the past four years.
B. The number of international students applying to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States has declined by nearly half in the past four years.
C. The cost of attending a literature Ph.D. program in the United States has more than doubled in the past four years.
D. The average number of Ph.D. programs that the average Ph.D. applicant applies to has dropped from seven to four over the past four years.
E. The number of Ph.D. programs reporting data to American College Daily has declined precipitously since the publication stopped compensating for such submissions three years ago.
Explanation Choice A: Yes. That
the average age of applicants to United States literature Ph.D. programs has not changed markedly over the past four years has no definitive impact on the conclusion
that fewer U.S. students are interested in literature Ph.D. programs now than were four years ago and is therefore the exception in the choices that does not weaken the conclusion.
Choice B: No. This is a reversal, because if
the number of international students applying to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States has declined by nearly half in the past four years, this would be another possible cause for the decline in
the number of applications to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States in the report and the conclusion would be weakened.
Choice C: No. This is a reversal, because if
the cost of attending a literature Ph.D. program in the United States has more than doubled in the past four years, this would be another possible cause for the decline in
the number of applications to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States in the report and the conclusion would be weakened.
Choice D: No. This is a reversal, because if
the average number of Ph.D. programs that the average Ph.D. applicant applies to has dropped from seven to four over the past four years, this would be another possible cause for the decline in
the number of applications to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States in the report and the conclusion would be weakened.
Choice E: No. This is a reversal, because if
the number of Ph.D. programs reporting data to American College Daily has declined precipitously since the publication stopped compensating for such submissions three years ago, this would be another possible cause for the decline in
the number of applications to literature Ph.D. programs in the United States in the report and the conclusion would be weakened.
The correct answer is choice A.