Bunuel
The enthusiastic acceptance of ascetic lifestyles evidenced in the surviving writings of monastic authors indicates that medieval societies were much less concerned with monetary gain than are contemporary Western cultures.
The reasoning in the argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument
(A) employs the imprecise term “ascetic”
(B) generalizes from a sample that is likely to be unrepresentative
(C) applies contemporary standards inappropriately to medieval societies
(D) inserts personal opinions into what purports to be a factual debate
(E) advances premises that are inconsistent
EXPLANATION FROM Fox LSAT
This argument is bullshit because it uses the writings of monks, who purposely live ascetic lifestyles, to make a broad generalization that all people who lived in medieval societies were “less concerned with monetary gain” than people living in contemporary Western cultures. This is silly. The analysis needed to either compare the common man of then to the common man of now, or compare the monks of then to the monks of now, in order to be able to make any sort of valid comparison. So the problem is with the validity of the sample. There is good reason to believe (they are
monks, for Chrissakes) that the sample is biased. That’s my prediction.
A) The term ascetic is anything but imprecise. This isn’t the answer.
B) Yes! The sample is unrepresentative. This is the answer.
C) This is close, but no cigar. The author has inappropriately
compared two standards, not
applied one standard to another time. The author has compared modern standards to medieval
monks, not to medieval
societies. Answer B is much better.
D) This would be the correct answer if the argument had gone something like, “
Glee is objectively the finest show on TV because it’s my favorite.” That’s not what happened here.
E) I can’t identify two premises that work against each other here, so this isn’t the answer.
Our answer is B, because it used the writings of monks to make a conclusion about normal folks.