1 . The information in the passage most helps to answer which one of the following questions?(A) What laboratory experiments were conducted by Molina or Rowland in their research on CFCs?
(B) What was the estimated concentration of CFCs in the atmosphere in 1987?
(C) In what year did Molina testify before the U.S. Congress?
(D) Does any chemical that does not contain chlorine contribute to the destruction of ozone molecules?
(E) Which constituent element of CFCs is most damaging to ozone?
2. Which one of the following, if true, would most strengthen the conclusions of Molina and Rowland concerning the long-term effects of CFCs in the stratosphere?(A) The hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica continued to grow for years after CFC emissions had almost ceased.
(B) Other manufactured chemicals have been found to diffuse upward into the stratosphere when released into the troposphere.
(C) Ozone has been shown to react more violently with chlorine than with many other chemicals.
(D) Many scientists who in the 1970s were highly critical of the research methods of Molina and Rowland have come to accept the soundness of their methods.
(E) Current CFC levels in the troposphere suggest that not all nations currently abide by the Montreal Protocol.
3. Which one of the following statements is most strongly supported by the information in the passage?(A) Little or no ozone destruction occurs naturally in the stratosphere unless chlorine is present.
(B) Skin cancers occur primarily because of excessive absorption of ultraviolet light.
(C) Few chemicals besides CFCs can result in the release of chlorine in the upper atmosphere.
(D) Regulating the use of CFCs contributes indirectly to lowering the incidence of skin cancer.
(E) The upward flow of CFCs into the stratosphere occurs mainly in Antarctica.
4. Based on the passage, the information yielded by which one of the following experiments would be most useful in determining whether a particular chemical could replace CFCs without damaging the ozone layer?(A) testing to see whether the chemical is capable of reacting with forms of oxygen other than ozone
(B) testing to see whether the chemical, when released into the lower atmosphere, would react with other chemicals commonly found there
(C) testing the chemical to determine whether it would chemically react with chlorine testing to see what chemical properties the
(D) chemical or its constituent elements share with chlorine
(E) testing the chemical to see if it would break down into its components when subjected to ultraviolet radiation
5. Which one of the following statements is most strongly supported by the information in the passage?(A) No refrigerant chemicals other than CFCs had been discovered when Molina and Rowland suggested that CFC production cease.
(B) Refrigerant chemicals developed as substitutes for CFCs after 1987 release fewer chlorine atoms into the stratosphere than CFCs do.
(C) CFCs were originally used in refrigeration components because they provided the most energy-efficient means of refrigeration.
(D) The Montreal Protocol led to the cessation of CFC production in North America.
(E) Some of the refrigerant chemicals being manufactured today contain chemicals known to be environmentally damaging.