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Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to th
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19 Apr 2020, 22:03
19 Apr 2020, 22:03
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Question Stats:
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32%
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wrong
based on 681
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Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to the number of road accidents in a country. In Bumbletown, the number of road accidents last year has increased by 15% compared to the year before. Clearly, the number of fatalities can be expected to increase by a similar proportion. However, government officials claim that the number of fatalities last year actually decreased compared to the year before.
Which of the following, if true, does most to justify the government officials’ claim?
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”.
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year.
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year.
Which of the following, if true, does most to justify the government officials’ claim?
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”.
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year.
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year.
Re: Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to th
[#permalink]
19 Apr 2020, 22:38
19 Apr 2020, 22:38
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Show timer Statistics
Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to the number of road accidents in a country. In Bumbletown, the number of road accidents last year has increased by 15% compared to the year before. Clearly, the number of fatalities can be expected to increase by a similar proportion. However, government officials claim that the number of fatalities last year actually decreased compared to the year before.
Which of the following, if true, does most to justify the government officials’ claim?
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”.
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year.
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year.
Simplify the argument:
Last year number of accidents increased, but number of fatalities decreased. Possible reasons: The vehicles were of improved standard, or the medical facilities improved.
A. This could be possible. But you have to assume that increased usage of seat belt decreases the number of fatalities. Keep it.
B. This does not work. Because we already know accidents were 15 % more, only that fatalities were fewer.
C. We have to assume a lot of things here. The emergency personnel were responsible for the reduced fatalities.
D. Bingo. This says the accidents did not involve any humans at all. This should be it.
E. Does not work. A general statement.
D is correct.
Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to the number of road accidents in a country. In Bumbletown, the number of road accidents last year has increased by 15% compared to the year before. Clearly, the number of fatalities can be expected to increase by a similar proportion. However, government officials claim that the number of fatalities last year actually decreased compared to the year before.
Which of the following, if true, does most to justify the government officials’ claim?
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”.
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year.
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year.
Simplify the argument:
Last year number of accidents increased, but number of fatalities decreased. Possible reasons: The vehicles were of improved standard, or the medical facilities improved.
A. This could be possible. But you have to assume that increased usage of seat belt decreases the number of fatalities. Keep it.
B. This does not work. Because we already know accidents were 15 % more, only that fatalities were fewer.
C. We have to assume a lot of things here. The emergency personnel were responsible for the reduced fatalities.
D. Bingo. This says the accidents did not involve any humans at all. This should be it.
E. Does not work. A general statement.
D is correct.
Fatalities in road accidents are typically directly proportional to th
[#permalink]
20 May 2020, 04:05
20 May 2020, 04:05
2
Kudos
Generally, fatalities are directly proportional to the number of accidents. this means that as the number of accidents increases, it is expected that the number of fatalities will also increase
However, In the Bumbletown region, the number of accidents increased but the number of fatalities decreased.
We need to find an answer choice that helps explain why
Let's take a look at the answer choices -
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before. - Is wearing a seat belt a solid guarantee that even if you get involved in an accident, you may not suffer from fatal injuries? I don't think so. the extent of injury depends on many more external factors than a simple seat belt. A seat belt is designed to improve your chances of not suffering from serious injuries; it by itself is NOT a guarantee of complete safety. Hence, (A) is eliminated.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”. - Simply reading a book will lead to lower number of fatalities? I don't think so. Even if you might have read the book, what if the driver of the other car (that hypothetically collides with yours) hasn't read the book? This is not a solid option. Hence, eliminate (B)
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year. - This would increases your chances of survival (as would wearing a seat belt), but the existence of more emergency medical personnel is itself not a guarantee of lower fatalities. Hence, eliminate (C).
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.. (D) tells us that the collisions that took place in such accidents did not involve humans at all. This would help account for the decrease in the number of fatalities. Hence, (D) is the right answer.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year. - (E) is simply a premise. It does nothing to explain the observed link between the (increase in number of accidents) and (decrease in the number of fatalities). Hence, eliminate (E).
However, In the Bumbletown region, the number of accidents increased but the number of fatalities decreased.
We need to find an answer choice that helps explain why
Let's take a look at the answer choices -
(A) Last year, out of all passengers that travelled on road, the proportion of passengers wearing a seat belt has been significantly higher than the year before. - Is wearing a seat belt a solid guarantee that even if you get involved in an accident, you may not suffer from fatal injuries? I don't think so. the extent of injury depends on many more external factors than a simple seat belt. A seat belt is designed to improve your chances of not suffering from serious injuries; it by itself is NOT a guarantee of complete safety. Hence, (A) is eliminated.
(B) Last year, there was a significant increase in the sales of the Government-approved safety guidelines book “How to drive safely to avoid an accident”. - Simply reading a book will lead to lower number of fatalities? I don't think so. Even if you might have read the book, what if the driver of the other car (that hypothetically collides with yours) hasn't read the book? This is not a solid option. Hence, eliminate (B)
(C) The proportion of emergency medical personnel in the country has increased last year. - This would increases your chances of survival (as would wearing a seat belt), but the existence of more emergency medical personnel is itself not a guarantee of lower fatalities. Hence, eliminate (C).
(D) Most of the road accidents last year were between the recently introduced self-driving cargo-carriers that were doing test runs without any human involvement.. (D) tells us that the collisions that took place in such accidents did not involve humans at all. This would help account for the decrease in the number of fatalities. Hence, (D) is the right answer.
(E) There has been a consistent decrease in the number of fatalities in road accidents over a five-year period before last year. - (E) is simply a premise. It does nothing to explain the observed link between the (increase in number of accidents) and (decrease in the number of fatalities). Hence, eliminate (E).
