Last visit was: 28 Mar 2025, 08:28 It is currently 28 Mar 2025, 08:28
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
User avatar
ajit257
Joined: 28 Aug 2010
Last visit: 08 Apr 2011
Posts: 121
Own Kudos:
3,844
 [125]
Given Kudos: 11
Posts: 121
Kudos: 3,844
 [125]
10
Kudos
Add Kudos
114
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Most Helpful Reply
User avatar
AdamKnewton
User avatar
Knewton GMAT Instructor
Joined: 04 Jan 2011
Last visit: 19 Sep 2011
Posts: 50
Own Kudos:
408
 [45]
Location: NY, NY
Concentration: Sentence Correction, Critical Reasoning, Reading Comprehension, Problem Solving, Data Sufficiency
Schools:BA New School, PhD Candidate CUNY
 Q50  V47
Posts: 50
Kudos: 408
 [45]
37
Kudos
Add Kudos
8
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
User avatar
KarishmaB
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Last visit: 28 Mar 2025
Posts: 15,835
Own Kudos:
72,331
 [9]
Given Kudos: 461
Location: Pune, India
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 15,835
Kudos: 72,331
 [9]
8
Kudos
Add Kudos
1
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
General Discussion
User avatar
Zatarra
User avatar
Verbal Forum Moderator
Joined: 31 Jan 2010
Last visit: 07 May 2016
Posts: 310
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 149
 Q49  V42
WE 1: 4 years Tech
Posts: 310
Kudos: 356
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
AdamKnewton
This question would be categorized simply as a Weakener, but you're right that it's a bit unusual: we're not asked to weaken some traditional conclusion such as a prediction or a proposal, but to undermine the "explanation."

In this sense, the real Conclusion of this Argument is the very beginning of the second sentence: "This concern probably explains...." That is, what we have to weaken is that the customer concern IS in fact the reason for the store's stocking decision.

To weaken this, we're going to show that customer concern IS NOT the reason -- that there is some other reason. (D) does this: It shows how another reason, saving money on storage space, and not customer concern, is present, and thus potentially the actual reason the store had in mind.

In fact, Alternate Causes are one of the most common right answer choices for Weaken, Flaw, and Paradox questions on CR, so it's a really good idea to get used to seeing them and selecting them with confidence.
What i believe is that the First line is the conclusion.
The author OBSERVES that
1)stores have been quick to stock new
cleaning products that have been produced in a con-
centrated form.
2)The concentrated form is packaged in
smaller containers that use less plastic and require
less transportation space.

The Autor then concludes that this must have been a result of consumer `s concern for the environment.

D weaken the conclusion by offering an alternate explanation for Author`s Observation
User avatar
AdamKnewton
User avatar
Knewton GMAT Instructor
Joined: 04 Jan 2011
Last visit: 19 Sep 2011
Posts: 50
Own Kudos:
408
 [1]
Location: NY, NY
Concentration: Sentence Correction, Critical Reasoning, Reading Comprehension, Problem Solving, Data Sufficiency
Schools:BA New School, PhD Candidate CUNY
 Q50  V47
Posts: 50
Kudos: 408
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
The first sentence is definitely not a conclusion: It is stated as a fact and is used to support the author's main argument that it serves as an explanation. The word "probably" indicates that the second sentence is something the author is trying to prove, and not taken as a given fact, thus making it a Conclusion and not Evidence. However, I agree with mundasingh that the correct answer provides an alternate explanation, a very common right answer choice in the GMAT.
User avatar
aragonn
User avatar
Retired Moderator
Joined: 23 Sep 2015
Last visit: 30 Sep 2019
Posts: 1,232
Own Kudos:
5,808
 [1]
Given Kudos: 416
Products:
Posts: 1,232
Kudos: 5,808
 [1]
1
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Lets take this question with analogy. liquid soap vs solid soap.

Facts: Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. This concern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form.

Explanation : The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.

Objective: Weaken the explanation, while fact is fact and conclusion remains the same.

Pre-think : So stores have big stock of solid soap cause packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space. i say stores are doing it for some other reason. lets say more demand. they take less space. more profit margin. handy. etc.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products. --- few? not impacting explanation.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged. --- so recycle for both is equal. no diff at all. fact falls. bad choice.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels. --- good thing but explanation stand tall.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space. --- on the line of pre thinking.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs. --- irrelevant
User avatar
Namangupta1997
Joined: 23 Oct 2020
Last visit: 02 Feb 2025
Posts: 146
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 63
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
GMAT 1: 710 Q49 V38
Posts: 146
Kudos: 6
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
KarishmaB
ajit257
Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. This concern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs.

Situation: Stores are stocking new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.
Explanation: Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging.

The argument tries to explain the current situation in which the stores are stocking concentrated products by reasoning that consumers are concerned about effects of wasteful packaging.

Question: Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

We need to find an option that undermines this explanation. Something that tells us that the stores may be stocking concentrated products for some other reason, not because consumers are concerned about effects of wasteful packaging.

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.

It is good for our explanation that few (which basically means none or very very less) consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products. If many consumers thought that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products, they would want these small packages. It would be ecologically wasteful. Because they believe that these packages are concentrated and not just regular product, they know that the actual content in each small package is far more. One can dilute it and get a lot more of the regular product from this small package. Hence, instead of packaging regular product in big containers, packing concentrated product in small containers is more ecologically friendly.
Hence, this option does not undermine our explanation.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.

Again, it is good for our explanation that these concentrated product packages can be recycled easily too. Consumers would want it then.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels.

Irrelevant.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.

This is an alternative explanation for why stores are stocking concentrated product. Not because consumers are worried about ecological impact but because they can increase revenue from their available shelf space by stocking smaller containers.
Hence it undermines the explanation provided by the argument.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs.

Irrelevant. If anything, it would make it more likely that consumer pressure against wasteful packaging has an impact.

Answer (D)

PanpaliaAnshul


Hi KarishmaB
I agree option D provides alternate explanation. It does not, however, explains that even considering ecological impact, the stores could make profit. Why are we assuming that making profit and being ecologically effective are mutually exclusive events ?
User avatar
KarishmaB
Joined: 16 Oct 2010
Last visit: 28 Mar 2025
Posts: 15,835
Own Kudos:
72,331
 [2]
Given Kudos: 461
Location: Pune, India
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
Posts: 15,835
Kudos: 72,331
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Namangupta1997
KarishmaB
ajit257
Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. This concern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.

Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs.

Situation: Stores are stocking new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.
Explanation: Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging.

The argument tries to explain the current situation in which the stores are stocking concentrated products by reasoning that consumers are concerned about effects of wasteful packaging.

Question: Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

We need to find an option that undermines this explanation. Something that tells us that the stores may be stocking concentrated products for some other reason, not because consumers are concerned about effects of wasteful packaging.

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.

It is good for our explanation that few (which basically means none or very very less) consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products. If many consumers thought that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products, they would want these small packages. It would be ecologically wasteful. Because they believe that these packages are concentrated and not just regular product, they know that the actual content in each small package is far more. One can dilute it and get a lot more of the regular product from this small package. Hence, instead of packaging regular product in big containers, packing concentrated product in small containers is more ecologically friendly.
Hence, this option does not undermine our explanation.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged.

Again, it is good for our explanation that these concentrated product packages can be recycled easily too. Consumers would want it then.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels.

Irrelevant.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space.

This is an alternative explanation for why stores are stocking concentrated product. Not because consumers are worried about ecological impact but because they can increase revenue from their available shelf space by stocking smaller containers.
Hence it undermines the explanation provided by the argument.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs.

Irrelevant. If anything, it would make it more likely that consumer pressure against wasteful packaging has an impact.

Answer (D)

PanpaliaAnshul


Hi KarishmaB
I agree option D provides alternate explanation. It does not, however, explains that even considering ecological impact, the stores could make profit. Why are we assuming that making profit and being ecologically effective are mutually exclusive events ?

We are not claiming that they are mutually exclusive.

We are questioning this: Consumer sentiment explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form.

Consider a dialogue between two people:

A: The store is stocking concentrated product now.
B: It is because consumers like environmentally friendly products.
A: No, the store can use its shelf space more profitably that is why.

This argument of A's undermines the explanation given by B. It doesn't prove that B's explanation is incorrect. It just undermines it. That is what we are looking for.
User avatar
Krishnahelps
Joined: 15 Nov 2020
Last visit: 09 Mar 2025
Posts: 134
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 1,687
Schools: ISB '27 (A)
Schools: ISB '27 (A)
Posts: 134
Kudos: 28
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hi experts, I couldn't understand why option A is incorrect. Can you please help? Karishma has explained it well but I am not able to able to understand her explanation.
User avatar
GMATNinja
User avatar
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
Joined: 13 Aug 2009
Last visit: 27 Mar 2025
Posts: 7,266
Own Kudos:
67,322
 [2]
Given Kudos: 1,910
Status: GMAT/GRE/LSAT tutors
Location: United States (CO)
GMAT 1: 780 Q51 V46
GMAT 2: 800 Q51 V51
GRE 1: Q170 V170
GRE 2: Q170 V170
Products:
Expert
Expert reply
Active GMAT Club Expert! Tag them with @ followed by their username for a faster response.
GMAT 2: 800 Q51 V51
GRE 1: Q170 V170
GRE 2: Q170 V170
Posts: 7,266
Kudos: 67,322
 [2]
2
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
ankitapugalia
Hi experts, I couldn't understand why option A is incorrect. Can you please help? Karishma has explained it well but I am not able to able to understand her explanation.
Let's start by breaking down the passage:

  • Conclusion: Consumer concern over wasteful packing explains why stores "have been quick to stock cleaning products that have been produced in concentrated form."
  • Evidence 1: Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging.
  • Evidence 2: The concentrated form requires less plastic and transportation space.

The correct answer should undermine this conclusion (i.e. it should undermine the idea that consumer concern explains why stores are stocking cleaning products produced in concentrated form).

Let's now consider (A):

Quote:
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the explanation offered above?

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products.
If few customers believe that the containers with concentrated cleaning products have regular cleaning products in them, what does that tell us?

Well, if many customers had that belief, that would mean that many customers were really confused. More specifically, many consumers would think that the concentrated containers didn't actually contain concentrated products, but just regular products. So (A) reassures us this is not the case.

But does that undermine the explanation?

Not really. It reassures us that only a few customers are confused about what's inside the concentrated containers. But if anything, that provides a slight strengthener of the conclusion. Because if consumers were confused about the concentrated containers, you probably wouldn't expect stores to start stocking these containers to address consumer concern. After all, if the consumers were confused about the new containers, the availability of such containers probably wouldn't alleviate their concerns. So the fact that only a few consumers have this confusion helps to dismiss that objection.

Overall, since (A) doesn't undermine the idea that the concentrated containers are stocked because of consumer concern, it's incorrect.

I hope that helps!
User avatar
Kratosgmat
Joined: 26 Sep 2022
Last visit: 07 Mar 2025
Posts: 93
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 44
Location: India
Concentration: General Management, Other
GRE 1: Q164 V158
GRE 2: Q170 V163
GRE 1: Q164 V158
GRE 2: Q170 V163
Posts: 93
Kudos: 12
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Note : As per argument the explanation is Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging so stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form.

But as per option D, stores did not change the packaging because they were concerned about the env. rather it was because they wanted to increase revenue by packing more products in the same shelf space. -> (supported by last point in argument, The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space.)
User avatar
Raman109
Joined: 17 Aug 2009
Last visit: 27 Mar 2025
Posts: 787
Own Kudos:
Given Kudos: 33
Products:
Posts: 787
Kudos: 124
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Undersanding the argument -
Many consumers are concerned about the ecological effects of wasteful packaging. - Fact
This concern probably explains why stores have been quick to stock new cleaning products that have been produced in a concentrated form. - Conclusion
The concentrated form is packaged in smaller containers that use less plastic and require less transportation space. - premise

Option elimination - We need to find an alternate reason to weaken the reasoning.

(A) Few consumers believe that containers of concentrated cleaning products are merely small packages of regular cleaning products. - What few consumers believe if out of scope.

(B) The containers in which concentrated cleaning products are packaged are no harder to recycle than those in which regular cleaning products are packaged. - but still, it is less plastic. the argument stays. Distortion.

(C) Those concentrated cleaning products that are intended to be used diluted have clear instructions for dilution printed on their labels. We don't care from this argument's perspective. Out of scope.

(D) The smaller containers of concentrated cleaning products enable supermarkets and drugstores to increase their revenues from a given shelf space. - perfect. This is the alternate reason.

(E) Consumer pressure has led to the elimination of wasteful cardboard packaging that was used for compact discs. Out of scope.
User avatar
VerbalBot
User avatar
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Last visit: 04 Jan 2021
Posts: 18,159
Own Kudos:
Posts: 18,159
Kudos: 926
Kudos
Add Kudos
Bookmarks
Bookmark this Post
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
7266 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
233 posts