Pimenton
If n is a positive integer, how many of the ten digits from 0 through 9 could be the units digits of n^3 ?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Six
D. Nine
E. Ten
To solve, we need to raise each digit of 0 through 9 to the third power to determine how many unique units digits we can produce.
0^3 = 0
1^3 = 1
2^3 = 8
3^3 = 27 (units digit of 7)
4^3 = 64 (units digit of 4)
5^3 = 125 (units digit of 5)
Since after the base of 5 the number starts getting fairly large, we can rely on our knowledge of units digit patterns of a number raised to a power to determine the units digits of the remaining numbers.
6^3 = units digit of 6
We should recall that 6 raised to any whole number exponent will always have a units digit of 6.
7^3 = units digit of 7
We should recall that the repeating pattern for the units digits when the base of 7 is raised to an exponent is 3-9-7-1.
8^3 = units digit of 2
We should recall that the repeating pattern for the units digits when the base of 8 is raised to an exponent is 8-4-2-6.
9^3 = units digit of 9
We should recall that the pattern for the units digits when the base of 9 is raised to an exponent is 9-1.
Thus, there are 10 possible units digits for n^3 for the integers 0 through 9.
Answer: E