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In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the constitution can only be initiated after a successful vote on a national referendum. In order to initiate a referendum, a citizen must merely collect 100,000 voters' signatures, in support of a given issue, over a period of 18 months. Clearly, the Swiss government must be spending a lot of time amending the country's constitution.

Structure . -
-- referendum can result in amendments in constitution (Note - Not all referendums will result in amendment). Amendment will happen after the referendum is passes.
-- to initiate referendum, we need another another 100,000 votes in 18th month - This is just for initiation (not for amendment)
Conclusion - Govt. spends lots of time in amendment -

What are we looking for - Something which makes us believe that lot of referendums which can result in amendments can pass -

Which of the following premises, if true, best supports the conclusion above?

A. Swiss citizens initiate many referenda every year.
-- Not all referendums will result in amendments. We are only concerned with specific referendums.

B. It is easy for a citizen to collect 100,000 signatures for a constitutional amendment within 18 months.
-- We are saying it is easy to initiate. So what - can we get the referendum passed???

C. The Swiss government spends much more time on constitutional amendments than governments of other countries do.
-- Irrelevant

D. All referenda must be initiated by Swiss citizens over 18 years old.
-- irrelevant

E. Referenda requiring constitutional amendments are both frequent and popular with Swiss voters.
-- This is the best answer. If referendum requiring amendments are more and they are also popular among votes there are high probability that these will get passed as well. If passes , govt will spend more time in amendments.
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
I strongly doubt B has edge over E.
If my statement (with respect to option E) is that the option just mentions that referenda is both popular and frequent. But nowhere it said if it's successful in getting 100000 votes or not.
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
Conclusion: Clearly, the Swiss government must be spending a lot of time amending the country's constitution.

E. Referenda requiring constitutional amendments are both frequent and popular with Swiss voters.

True it may be frequent, but it still needs to have the required votes (>50%) to actually act on it and change constitution.
Same for popularity. It may very well be popular, but this does not guarantee than all voters would turn up and actually vote and thereby ask the government to actually act on it and change constitution.

So how can this strengthen the conclusion beats me...
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
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AnirudhaS

I think you are mistaking "strengthen" for "prove." It is extremely rare for a strengthen answer to prove the conclusion correct. All we need is for the answer to make the connection between premise and conclusion stronger and more logical. The author tells us "To get an amendment on the ballot, you just need to do X. So amendments must happen often." This requires the assumptions that those requirements are often met, and that when amendments are on the ballot, they pass. The right answer doesn't need to support both conclusions, nor does it need to prove either one correct. However, E does address both of these assumptions, telling us that a) referenda do often occur and b) voters like them. If those things are true, the conclusion seems much more likely than it would if those things were not true. That's all we need from a strengthen!
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
­In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the constitution can only be initiated after a successful vote on a national referendum. In order to initiate a referendum, a citizen must merely collect 100,000 voters' signatures, in support of a given issue, over a period of 18 months. Clearly, the Swiss government must be spending a lot of time amending the country's constitution.

Meaning - 
Necessary condition - A successful vote on a national referendum is a minimum condition for an amendment to the constitution to be initiated. 
Sufficient condition - If amendment is initiated, then a successful vote on the national referendum must have been carried out. 

Which of the following premises, if true, best supports the conclusion above?

Option Elimination -

A. Swiss citizens initiate many referenda every year. - Initiating doesn't mean a successful vote. Distortion. Wrong. 

B. It is easy for a citizen to collect 100,000 signatures for a constitutional amendment within 18 months. - We already know from the passage when it says "merely." Distortion. 

C. The Swiss government spends much more time on constitutional amendments than governments of other countries do. - out of scope. 

D. All referenda must be initiated by Swiss citizens over 18 years old. - Out of scope. 

E. Referenda requiring constitutional amendments are both frequent and popular with Swiss voters. - ok
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
 
asiscool wrote:
In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the constitution can only be initiated after a successful vote on a national referendum. In order to initiate a referendum, a citizen must merely collect 100,000 voters' signatures, in support of a given issue, over a period of 18 months. Clearly, the Swiss government must be spending a lot of time amending the country's constitution.

Which of the following premises, if true, best supports the conclusion above?

A. Swiss citizens initiate many referenda every year.
B. It is easy for a citizen to collect 100,000 signatures for a constitutional amendment within 18 months.
C. The Swiss government spends much more time on constitutional amendments than governments of other countries do.
D. All referenda must be initiated by Swiss citizens over 18 years old.
E. Referenda requiring constitutional amendments are both frequent and popular with Swiss voters.

­Here's my thought on this !
A. Swiss citizens initiate many referenda every year.
Citizens might initiate a lot many referendas but this option does not specify if all these got 100,000 votes within 18 months. There might be only 1 that got as many votes within 18 months.
B. It is easy for a citizen to collect 100,000 signatures for a constitutional amendment within 18 months.
This option just tells us that it is easy to collect 100,000 signatures but does not tell the amount of Referenda. It might be that only 1 referenda was initiated in span of 18 months. So this does not mean that Govt is working alot.
C. The Swiss government spends much more time on constitutional amendments than governments of other countries do.
Nonsense
D. All referenda must be initiated by Swiss citizens over 18 years old.
Nonsense
E. Referenda requiring constitutional amendments are both frequent and popular with Swiss voters.
Correct : Referenda is frequent and popular among voters. Meaning there will be referendas frequently and govt has to work no stop on it.
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Re: In Switzerland, one of Europe's smallest nations, amendments to the co [#permalink]
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