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abhiyansingh
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"The single-family house constructed by the Yana, ( Introduces the Subject of the Sentence - this is a noun phrase )
a Native American people ( description about Yana - answers question who are the Yana )
who lived in what is now northern California, ( add -on information about their place of origin- dependent clause )
was conical in shape, ( this is the action our subject performs - the MAIN CLAUSE -The single-family house constructed by the Yana....................was conical in shape. )
its framework of poles overlaid with slabs of bark, ( A new independent clause about its Framework starts )
either cedar or pine, ( this phrase describes the type of bark )
and banked with dirt to a height of three to four feet." ( the next action related to its framework conjoined by the conjunction and)

To understand sentence structure one can use the role-play of each phrase/clause & which entity they are related to or refer to.

CrackverbalGMAT

Per your explanation, there are two Independent clauses and I think they both are joined with just a comma. So, isn't this a case of a comma splice ? I believe two ICs should be joined either by FANBOYS or by a SEMICOLON(;).

1st IC:- The single-family house constructed by the Yana was conical in shape

2nd IC:- its framework of poles overlaid with slabs of bark, and banked with dirt to a height of three to four feet.

Could you kindly clarify whether the above mentioned independent clauses are correctly conjugated?

"Its framework of poles overlaid with slabs of bark, and banked with dirt to a height of three to four feet" is not an independent clause as it has no verb. Overlaid and banked are past participial. The mentioned part is an absolute phrase as it modifies the entire clause.

Absolute phrase - An absolute phrase is a phrase composed of noun and its modifier that modifies an entire clause, adding infomration that is either descriptive or explanatory.