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Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone

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MartyTargetTestPrep
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Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   Updated on: 14 May 2017, 08:41
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55% (02:03) correct 45% (02:12) wrong based on 243 sessions
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Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone replacement therapy, a treatment for addressing extreme changes in hormone levels, tended to experience heart disease significantly less often than women not undergoing the therapy. However, when formal studies were then undertaken to confirm that hormone replacement therapy prevents heart disease, the results were mixed and indicated that in some cases hormone replacement therapy may cause heart disease.

Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the results of the formal studies differed from what physicians had observed?

A. The original reason for using hormone replacement therapy was not to prevent heart disease but rather to mitigate discomfort caused by changes in levels of hormones.

B. Many physicians who have worked with women using hormone replacement therapy have not specialized in the treatment of heart disease.

C. The women who underwent hormone replacement therapy before the studies mentioned were done tended to be more educated women who were careful about taking care of their health.

D. Some women participating in the formal studies of hormone replacement therapy and heart disease continued to smoke while undergoing the therapy.

E. The links between hormone replacement therapy and heart disease have become better understood with years of study.


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Originally posted by MartyTargetTestPrep on 13 May 2017, 16:10.
Last edited by MartyTargetTestPrep on 14 May 2017, 08:41, edited 5 times in total.
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   13 May 2017, 19:53
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MartyMurray wrote:
After physicians began prescribing hormone replacement therapy for women, they noticed that women undergoing the therapy tended to experience heart disease significantly less often than those not undergoing the therapy. However, when studies were undertaken to confirm that hormone replacement therapy prevents heart disease, the results were mixed and indicated that in some cases hormone replacement therapy may cause heart disease.

Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the results of the studies differed from what physicians had observed?

Source: TTP Beta Testing


A. The original reason for prescribing hormone replacement therapy was not to prevent heart disease but rather to mitigate discomfort caused by changes in levels of hormones.
This choice is irrelevent. Even that prescribing hormone replacement therapy was for different purpose but the effect of therapy remained. Hence this choice can't explain the paradox

B. Many physicians who have prescribed hormone replacement therapy have not specialized in the treatment of heart disease.
Even this fact is true, the effect of therapy remains visible. Thus, the paradox is still mystery.

C. The women who underwent hormone replacement therapy before the studies mentioned were done tended to be more educated women who were careful about taking care of their health.
Correct answer. This choice indicates that the women in 1st study were more careful about taking care of their health,
so in return their heart disease will significant decrease while the women in 2nd study were careless about taking care of their health so they could have some bad habits that could have negative effect to their health, especially their heart.

D. Some women participating in the studies of hormone replacement therapy and heart disease continued to smoke while undergoing the therapy.
This choice can't explain the paradox. Even that some women continued to smoke, why two studies regenerated two different results?

E. The links between hormone replacement therapy and heart disease have become better understood with years of study.This choice is irrelevent.
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   14 May 2017, 06:29
nguyendinhtuong wrote:
MartyMurray wrote:
After physicians began prescribing hormone replacement therapy for women, they noticed that women undergoing the therapy tended to experience heart disease significantly less often than those not undergoing the therapy. However, when studies were undertaken to confirm that hormone replacement therapy prevents heart disease, the results were mixed and indicated that in some cases hormone replacement therapy may cause heart disease.

Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the results of the studies differed from what physicians had observed?

Source: TTP Beta Testing


A. The original reason for prescribing hormone replacement therapy was not to prevent heart disease but rather to mitigate discomfort caused by changes in levels of hormones.
This choice is irrelevent. Even that prescribing hormone replacement therapy was for different purpose but the effect of therapy remained. Hence this choice can't explain the paradox

B. Many physicians who have prescribed hormone replacement therapy have not specialized in the treatment of heart disease.
Even this fact is true, the effect of therapy remains visible. Thus, the paradox is still mystery.

C. The women who underwent hormone replacement therapy before the studies mentioned were done tended to be more educated women who were careful about taking care of their health.
Correct answer. This choice indicates that the women in 1st study were more careful about taking care of their health,
so in return their heart disease will significant decrease while the women in 2nd study were careless about taking care of their health so they could have some bad habits that could have negative effect to their health, especially their heart.

D. Some women participating in the studies of hormone replacement therapy and heart disease continued to smoke while undergoing the therapy.
This choice can't explain the paradox. Even that some women continued to smoke, why two studies regenerated two different results?

E. The links between hormone replacement therapy and heart disease have become better understood with years of study.This choice is irrelevent.


I am inquisitive about two studies you mentioned in your explanation. But as per my understanding on this argument, there was only one type of study which actually gave two different results. If all studies under one type have the women pre-educated, then what does make the difference?

IMO D is the ans. if within a study a few number of women smoke, then they are less likely to pass the study than other participants.
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   14 May 2017, 07:03
arunavamunshi1988 wrote:
nguyendinhtuong wrote:
Show Spoiler
MartyMurray wrote:
After physicians began prescribing hormone replacement therapy for women, they noticed that women undergoing the therapy tended to experience heart disease significantly less often than those not undergoing the therapy. However, when studies were undertaken to confirm that hormone replacement therapy prevents heart disease, the results were mixed and indicated that in some cases hormone replacement therapy may cause heart disease.

Which of the following, if true, would best explain why the results of the studies differed from what physicians had observed?

Source: TTP Beta Testing


A. The original reason for prescribing hormone replacement therapy was not to prevent heart disease but rather to mitigate discomfort caused by changes in levels of hormones.
This choice is irrelevent. Even that prescribing hormone replacement therapy was for different purpose but the effect of therapy remained. Hence this choice can't explain the paradox

B. Many physicians who have prescribed hormone replacement therapy have not specialized in the treatment of heart disease.
Even this fact is true, the effect of therapy remains visible. Thus, the paradox is still mystery.

C. The women who underwent hormone replacement therapy before the studies mentioned were done tended to be more educated women who were careful about taking care of their health.
Correct answer. This choice indicates that the women in 1st study were more careful about taking care of their health,
so in return their heart disease will significant decrease while the women in 2nd study were careless about taking care of their health so they could have some bad habits that could have negative effect to their health, especially their heart.

D. Some women participating in the studies of hormone replacement therapy and heart disease continued to smoke while undergoing the therapy.
This choice can't explain the paradox. Even that some women continued to smoke, why two studies regenerated two different results?

E. The links between hormone replacement therapy and heart disease have become better understood with years of study.This choice is irrelevent.


I am inquisitive about two studies you mentioned in your explanation. But as per my understanding on this argument, there was only one type of study which actually gave two different results. If all studies under one type have the women pre-educated, then what does make the difference?

IMO D is the ans. if within a study a few number of women smoke, then they are less likely to pass the study than other participants.


No, I mean there are two studies with the same method but generate two different results.

As I mentioned above, in 2nd study, the women could have some bad habits that could have negative effect to their heart. For example, they could gain weight, or smoke,... This will lead to the different outcome of the study.

Choice D is incorrect because of "some". Yes, some women, for example, 2 women vs total 1000 women. Would 0.2% make any difference? Totally no. Hence D is not the answer.
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   14 May 2017, 07:44
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arunavamunshi1988 wrote:
I am inquisitive about two studies you mentioned in your explanation. But as per my understanding on this argument, there was only one type of study which actually gave two different results. If all studies under one type have the women pre-educated, then what does make the difference?

IMO D is the ans. if within a study a few number of women smoke, then they are less likely to pass the study than other participants.


Only one set of studies is mentioned in the question.

The women who were prescribed hormone replacement therapy by physicians were not part of a study,

Notice what the prompt says. It says merely that physicians noticed that the women using the therapy had lower rates of heart disease. It does not say that those women were participating in any study.
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink] New post   11 Jan 2024, 03:46
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Re: Physicians noticed that women in their care undergoing hormone [#permalink]
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