Colonial historian David Allen's intensive study of five communities i

Process map:

Paragraph 1 - DA conduct detailed study to suggest continuity between English and colonial in 2 different aspects (agr and admin org). But his argument is over stated (author's opinion).

Paragraph 2 - this is due to ignoring differences, in 4 different aspects (details - skim and refer back later when being asked). Just focus on village insti is too narrow, and DA's view is distorted (author's opinion)

Paragraph 3 - DA's view ignore national issues (CH debunk it), no conclusion can be drawn from 1 e.g. (details). Again, just focus on village is not enough.

1. The passage suggests that Professor Clive Holmes would most likely agree with which of the following statements?
refer to "Allen's work is a rather extreme example of the “country community” school of seventeenth-century English history whose intemperate excesses in removing all national issues from the history of that period have been exposed by Professor Clive Holmes"
(A) An understanding of seventeenth-century English local institutions requires a consideration of national issues. this coincides with the detail above
(B) The "country community" school of seventeenth- century English history distorts historical evidence in order to establish continuity between old and new institutions. this is author's opinions not HC's
(C) Most historians distort reality by focusing on national concerns to the exclusion of local concerns. this is author's opinions not HC's
(D) National issues are best understood from the perspective of those at the local level. focusing on local level is not narrow as indicated in the passage
(E) Local histories of seventeenth-century English villages have contributed little to the understanding of village life. it contributes, but not enough, "little" is too extreme


2. It can be inferred from the passage that the author of the passage considers Allen's "discovery" (see highlighted text) to be
refer to "What conclusion can be drawn, for example, from Allen's discovery that Puritan clergy who had come to the colonies from East Anglia were one-third to one-half as likely to return to England by 1660 as were Puritan ministers from western and northern England? We are not told in what way, if at all, this discovery illuminates historical understanding."
(A) already known to earlier historians this might be true, but not author's main intention
(B) based on a logical fallacy attractive answer, but no logic error because on conclusion is given
(C) improbable but nevertheless convincing author find it not convincing
(D) an unexplained, isolated fact correct answer, isolated facts didn't give us any conclusion
(E) a new, insightful observation author's tone is mostly negative, so incorrect answer


3. It can be inferred that the author of the passage considers Allen's research on seventeenth-century Massachusetts colonies to be

(A) inconsequential but interesting "interesting" is not mentioned
(B) largely derivative "largely" is too extreme and not mentioned
(C) detailed but problematic correct answer, refer to "meticulous scholarship on the detailed microcosmic level" for "detailed", and author's tone for "problematic"
(D) highly commendable contradicts author's tone
(E) overly theoretical this is not mentioned


4. According to the passage, which of the following was true of most villages in seventeenth-century England?
First, England was overcrowded and land-hungry; New England was sparsely populated and labor-hungry. Second, England suffered the normal European rate of mortality; New England, especially in the first generation of English colonists, was virtually free from infectious diseases. Third, England had an all-embracing state church; in New England membership in a church was restricted to the elect. Fourth, a high proportion of English villagers lived under paternalistic resident squires; no such class existed in New England.
(A) The resident squire had significant authority.correct answer, refers to "a high proportion of English villagers lived under paternalistic resident squires; no such class existed in New England", "paternalistic" translate to "authority"
(B) Church members were selected on the basis of their social status within the community. this is not mentioned
(C) Low population density restricted agricultural and economic growth. contradicts "England was overcrowded and land-hungry"
(D) There was little diversity in local institutions from one region to another. not mentioned
(E) National events had little impact on local customs and administrative organization. this is not mentioned


5. The author of the passage is primarily concerned with

(A) substantiating a claim about a historical event this is not about a historical event, but about evaluating Allen's work
(B) reconciling two opposing ideas about a historical era didn't reconcile 2 opposing idea
(C) disputing evidence a scholar uses to substantiate a claim about a historical event it didn't dispute the evidence but the approach Allen took
(D) analyzing two approaches to scholarly research and evaluating their methodologies it only analyzed Allens' work
(E) criticizing a particular study and the approach to historical scholarship it represents correct answer