Osteopathic medicine shares with allopathic medicine the same assumpti

No. its is not ambiguous in option B and C. And infact, Option C looks like the right answer to me.

Explanation:

Option A: Osteopathic medicine shares with allopathic medicine the same assumptions about the biomedical constitution of the individual but the difference is that the former emphasizes a holistic approach to treatment through the manipulation of the musculo-skeletal system.
While this answer choice is grammatically correct it is stylistically flawed. The contrast between the two medical systems is expressed through two separate clauses, although this could be stated more concisely in one clause.
The use of a new subject in the second clause the difference (is that, etc.) is an awkward way of developing the idea in the second part of the sentence because we do not know the difference between what two items is being described until we reach the words the former.
This question focuses on teaching you to recognize the difference between proper style and idiomatic expression or awkward and wordy ways of phrasing a sentence. Therefore the answer choices contain only a few grammatical mistakes and more logical mistakes and stylistic flaws. Red Light

Option C: Osteopathic medicine shares with allopathic medicine the same assumptions about the biomedical constitution of the individual but differs from the latter in its emphasis on a holistic approach to treatment through the manipulation of the musculo-skeletal system.
This answer choice is grammatically correct, logical and stylistically preferable to all other answer choices.
By eliminating the second clause (but the difference is) and using the verb differs, the corrected sentence creates a concise sentence and correct parallelism with the use of the verbs shares and differs. Although the word former is changed to latter, this answer choice preserves the meaning and logic of the original sentence: Osteopathic medicine...differs from the latter (from the second item in the list, i.e. allopathic medicine, thus latter is correct over former). Green Light
This sentence uses the idiom: A differs from B in C. This idiom describes the characteristic C of A which makes it different from B.
Example: Jane differs from John in her fondness for cats.
Meaning: Jane is fond of cats, but John is not fond of them.
Example: The GMAT differs from the GRE in its focus on business.
Meaning: The GMAT focuses on business, but the GRE does not.

Osteopathic medicine shares with allopathic medicine the same assumptions about the biomedical constitution of the individual but the difference is that the former emphasizes a holistic approach to treatment through the manipulation of the musculo-skeletal system.


A. but the difference is that the former emphasizes Incorrect

but uses is alright, the difference is not parallel with shares

B. but differs from the former in its emphasis on Incorrect

there is no former other than Osteopathic medicine

C. but differs from the latter in its emphasis on Correct

D. and is different in the former emphasizing Incorrect

there is no former other than Osteopathic medicine

E. but being different from the former, as it emphasizes Incorrect

Osteopathic medicine is the former, being uses redundant

In option c, can its not refer to the latter, osteopathic medicine ? I guess it can refer to both.

Option C seems correct because initially we are discussing about the how the two medicines are same and describing that first medicine is similar to the other in some ways and now to shwo the difference we will again the former from the latter.