huongguyen wrote:
We can now dismiss the widely held suspicion that sugar consumption often exacerbates hyperactivity in children with attention deficit disorder. A scientific study of the effects of three common sugars—sucrose, fructose, and glucose—on children who have attention deficit disorder, with experimental groups each receiving a type of sugar in their diets and a control group receiving a sugar substitute instead of sugar, showed no statistically significant difference between the groups in thinking or behavior.
Which one of the following, if true, would most weaken the argument above?
(A) Only one of the three types of sugar used in the study was ever widely suspected of exacerbating hyperactivity.
(B) The consumption of sugar actually has a calming effect on some children.
(C) The consumption of some sugar substitutes exacerbates the symptoms of hyperactivity.
(D) The study included some observations of each group in contexts that generally tend to make children excited and active.
(E) Some children believe that they can tell the difference between the taste of sugar and that of sugar substitutes.
C is the Answer.
Reasoning:
if the sugar substitute also exacerbates hyperactivity, then both subjects of the study will depict same behavior.
So, the study will show no difference.
But, in such case we cannot conclude that sugar didn't exacerbated hyperactivity.
For Ex: A Study was conducted to show that People didn't get cold after Eating Ice cream. So, one group was given ice cream and another was given a cold-drink. Now, if both group got cold, then we cannot say that because eating ice cream depicted same behavior as drinking Cold-drink, ice cream consumption doesn't make people catch cold.
Hope this helps.
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Thanks