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eakabuah
Given x=-t^2+bt+a
we are to determine at which time, t, x is maximum.

Given a function f(t)=mx^2+nx+k
the maximum/minimum value occurs at t=-n/ma
when m<0, then we have a maximum function and when m>0, then we have a minimum function.
From the given function x=-t^2+bt+a,
m=-1; n=b
we know that x has a maximum function since m=-1.
All we need in order to determine the time,t, at which the maximum function occurs is b. because t=-b/(2*-1) = b/2

Statement 1: b=10
This sufficient since we can determine the time that x is maximum occurs is =10/2 = 5.

Statement 2: a=125
This is insufficient since we don't b, which is necessary to determine the time, t, at which x is maximum.

The answer therefore option A.

Alternatively, you can use calculus to solve this question easily.
x=-t^2+bt+a
differentiating x with respect to t yields dx/dt=-2t+b
The function x is maximum when dx/dt=0
therefore -2t+b=0
t=b/2
from this we know we only need b in order to determine the time at which x is maximum.

Statement 1: b=10
so we can determine t=10/2=5
statement 1 is therefore sufficient.

Statement 2: a=125
Not sufficient, since we don't need a to determine the time at which x is maximum. We need b and we don't b.

The answer is therefore A.

Hi eakabuah,
Thank you for your solution, but maybe there is a small typo for maxima/minima point. Shouldn't it be \(t=\frac{-n}{2m}\) you may want to correct it to prevent confusion also do let me know if I am mistaken, thanks.
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stne you’re right it indeed is a typo. Thanks for alerting me.

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