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Difficulty:
45%
(medium)
Question Stats:
68% (01:56) correct
32%
(02:15)
wrong
based on 215
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The Takuur Swamp frog is well-known mainly due to the peculiar protrusion that appears on the top of its head. Archaeological findings show that the Takuur and its evolutionary ancestor are almost identical, except for the ancestor's slightly larger protrusion. Originally believed to be decorative, research being performed by a team of zoologists is leading them to believe that the protrusion belonging to the Takuur's ancestor was used by the frog to swat insects on which it fed.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the zoologists' belief?
A. Evidence shows that the present-day Takuur and its ancestor have extremely similar reproductive patterns.
B. In certain prehistoric periods, the earth's surface was covered by almost 30 times more swamp area than it is today.
C. The Takuur's ancestor spent most of its time in the water and fed almost entirely on algae.
D. The animal kingdom offers a number of examples of decorative body parts which are used mainly for mating and the establishment of social status.
E. The present-day Takuur's protrusion contains a strong muscle that could easily allow it to be moved at great speed and with accuracy.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the zoologists' belief?
A. Evidence shows that the present-day Takuur and its ancestor have extremely similar reproductive patterns.
B. In certain prehistoric periods, the earth's surface was covered by almost 30 times more swamp area than it is today.
C. The Takuur's ancestor spent most of its time in the water and fed almost entirely on algae.
D. The animal kingdom offers a number of examples of decorative body parts which are used mainly for mating and the establishment of social status.
E. The present-day Takuur's protrusion contains a strong muscle that could easily allow it to be moved at great speed and with accuracy.
06 Jan 2024, 19:15
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OFFICIAL EXPLANATION
The Takuur Swamp frog is well-known mainly due to the peculiar protrusion that appears on the top of its head. Archaeological findings show that the Takuur and its evolutionary ancestor are almost identical, except for the ancestor's slightly larger protrusion. Originally believed to be decorative, research being performed by a team of zoologists is leading them to believe that the protrusion belonging to the Takuur's ancestor was used by the frog to swat insects on which it fed.
Which of the following, if true, most strongly supports the zoologists' belief?
A. Evidence shows that the present-day Takuur and its ancestor have extremely similar reproductive patterns.
Incorrect.
To solve this Conclusion Strengthening question, first break down the argument. The first two sentences are premises which provide factual data; the last sentence contains the zoologists' belief based on their research, i.e., their conclusion:
- Premise A: the Takuur frog has a "thing" on its head
+
Premise B: the Takuur frog and its evolutionary ancestor are very similar, although the ancestor's head "thing" was a bit larger
+
Premise C: the head "thing" was once believed to be decorative
+
Zoologists' hypothesis: the Takuur's ancestor used the "thing" to kill flies which it then ate.
Strengthening Data: ?
You are required to find data that supports the zoologists' belief that the protrusion was used to kill flies.
This answer choice presents evidence that neither strengthens nor weakens the zoologists' hypothesis. The fact that the Takuur and its ancestor have similar reproductive patterns has nothing to do with how it caught its prey.
B. In certain prehistoric periods, the earth's surface was covered by almost 30 times more swamp area than it is today.
Incorrect.
This answer choice presents evidence that neither strengthens nor weakens the zoologists' hypothesis. The fact that the earth was once covered by more swamps than it is today does not help us strengthen the claim that the Takuur used its protrusion to kill flies.
C. The Takuur's ancestor spent most of its time in the water and fed almost entirely on algae.
Incorrect.
This answer choice weakens the zoologists' hypothesis. If the takuur fed almost entirely on algae, then it probably would not have developed a specialized body part just to kill flies. Focus on the zoologists' belief - you should be trying to find a statement that can strengthen it.
D. The animal kingdom offers a number of examples of decorative body parts which are used mainly for mating and the establishment of social status.
Incorrect.
This answer choice neither strengthens nor weakens the zoologists' hypothesis. The fact that some animals have decorative body parts does not necessarily mean this applies to the Takuur (and if it did, it would weaken the zoologists' conclusion).
E. The present-day Takuur's protrusion contains a strong muscle that could easily allow it to be moved at great speed and with accuracy.
This answer choice does strengthen the zoologists' hypothesis by presenting us with a physical clue about the Takuur. Since it can move its protrusion accurately and at great speed, and since it is similar to its ancestor, it seems quite logical to infer that the protrusion may have been used, and not just for decoration.
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