Mode is the frequency of a number in a series of numbers:
For eg: 2 4 2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 ===> mode is 2 as it is occurring the most times
Median is the middle number:
For eg: 1 2 3 4 5 ==> In this case the median is 3. If there are even number of numbers, the median is the average of the middle two numbers.
Range is the distribution of the numbers:
For eg: 1 2 3 4 5 ==> the range is 5 - 1 = 4
Average is average!
For eg: 1 2 3 ==> (1+2+3)/3
Deviation is the distance of a number from the average:
For eg: 1 2 3 4 5
Step 1: Find mean (average) of 1 2 3 4 5
Step 2: Find diff between mean and each number
Step 3: Square each difference
Step 4: Find square root of "the average of the squared numbers" ==> this is SD
Some rules:
SD is never larger than range
If a set has a low SD, the terms are relatively close to the mean
I hope this helps.