Amelia Earhart left a lasting legacy in the sense that her achievement

D is correct because Amelia's achievements inspired a new generation of women to become pilots, here the meaning comes out crystal clear. As in she inspired women to take up flying planes as a profession,

In all other options, the meaning coming out is that she inspired women who had already become pilots.

I’m confused about the prompt. “New generation of pilots that were women” I think this implies that these women were already pilots and that they were inspired by Amelia. It doesn’t say specifically how Amelia inspired them with her achievements, so it leaves room to suggest that these women who are pilots were inspired to become better somehow?

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Amelia Earhart left a lasting legacy in the sense that her achievements inspired a new generation of pilots that were women.

A- legacy in the sense that her achievements inspired a new generation of pilots that were women.
in the sense that seems wordy
that were women but no longer are women? Maybe that's the intended meaning, but it does seem odd

B- legacy, inspiring a new generation of pilots that were women.
–ing words can modify many things and (I believe) inspiring is modifying the entire clause before the comma. This is less wordy than in the sense that

C- legacy when her achievements inspired a new generation of women pilots
This reads like a single moment in time (when john crossed the road). This conflicts with lasting legacy

D- legacy, for her achievements inspired a new generation of women to become pilots.
This is great. We no longer are led to believe that they were women but are now not.
Lasting legacy is logically sensible with a new generation

E- legacy by her achievements inspiring a new generation of pilots who were women
Some problem with were women

I have exactly the same confusion here. What if people don't know who she is so we don't actually know what's her impact. I thought those women were already pilots too. I feel like in other questions if we choose D it will be wrong since the meaning of the sentence has changed

I feel the same. I was left with B and D, and realized that D changed the meaning whereas B preserved the meaning. Is something wrong with the grammar of B? I couldn't find anything wrong.