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The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth

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sondenso
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The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   Updated on: 28 Sep 2018, 05:06
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The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.


(A) The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining

(B) Through the application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors were examined by scientists who determined

(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining

(D) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined

(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined
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E

Originally posted by sondenso on 10 May 2008, 18:55.
Last edited by Bunuel on 28 Sep 2018, 05:06, edited 2 times in total.
Renamed the topic and edited the question.
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   21 Jul 2012, 08:42
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The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.

(A) The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining ........ to examine and (to) determining are not structurally parallel....

(B) Through the application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors were examined by scientists who determined ...Through ....is modifying the Molars, however, it actually should modify scientists

(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining
Fragment sentence + meaning is changed ( It is the application of a new method that allows the scientists and not when they applied ......)

(D) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined
Applying should modify the scientists and not the molars of prehuman ancestors

(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined
Applying correctly modifies the scientists . Scientists examined and determined are logically and structurally parallel and hence correct
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   03 Apr 2017, 19:13
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Option A - Incorrect

"to examine and determining" -- not parallel.
"The application of a new method ... allows scientists ... to determine that the diets of pre human ancestors were more varied" -- even this does not make sense. This implies that the scientists already knew that the diets of pre human ancestors were more varied and now are just working on the mechanics to show it via experimental results. A better choice of words would be -- "to determine whether".

Option B - Incorrect

the initial modifier "through the application" must refer to a people who performed the application, not to molars.
"the molars of pre human ancestors were examined by scientists who determined that their diets were more varied ...". This is the same as "Scientists who determined that theS diets of pre human ancestors were more varied examined the molars". Seems to imply that those scientists had already determined that fact when they examined the molars. Not logical.

Option C - Incorrect

"when" suggests that "examined" and "applied" occurred in the same time frame. No other relationship is mentioned. However, "applying the method" was HOW scientists "examined". This is made clear in option E.
Also, "determined", "examined", and "were more varied" all seem to happen in the same time frame. Not logical.

Option D - Incorrect

"applying …" nonsensically refers to "molars".
"have been examined" + "who determined" -- this suggests that "determining" happened before the examination.
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   10 May 2008, 19:06
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E is fine.

If I see a clause between two commas, i usually delete the clause and then re-read the sentence.
So I read C as,
When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel,....., determining
So they did something,..,determining...(see the difference..?)
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   21 Jul 2012, 10:59
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V-A-N rule
verbs preferred over Adjectives and adjectives preferred over nouns.Also, verbs preferred over nouns.

eg: it is easy to swim across small ponds
swimming across small ponds is easy.

so, here application of a new method can be replaced by applying a new method.

(D) Vs (E)
(D) Is incorrect.
"......the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined..."takes the sentence into passive voice where we alrady have half of the previous part in active voice.
who is introduced unnecessarily.

(E) wins
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   21 Jul 2012, 16:05
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The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.

(A) The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining
analyzing and determining could be parallel but both of them talk about different things
(B) Through the application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors were examined by scientists who determined
Modifier error the modifier should modify Scientist and nothing else
(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining
Usage of when (timeline???) & they (who they ???)
(D) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, the molars of prehuman ancestors have been examined by scientists, who determined
Who was applying the new method ??? scientists were not properly modified
(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined

I think that is more than sufficient to reach out to conclusion that the right answer is E
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   23 Dec 2013, 20:25
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Let's check between C and E.

The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel allows scientists to examine molars of prehuman ancestors and determining that their diets were more varied than had been supposed.

Consider the construction, when they applied a method, they deduced that molars of ...
When you apply a method, you deduce something - the result of an experiment.
Compare the same with option 'C'
(C) When they applied a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists examined molars of prehuman ancestors, determining

'C' is awkward.
By applying a method, they examined molars ... is a better construction.

The next error is with the usage of 'determining' which is acting as noun-ing modifier, modifying (correctly) scientists. No issues with this. But as a consequence, 'that their diets...' also modifies 'scientists' - subject of the preceding clause rather than 'ancestors' - object of the preceding clause.

Note that a pronoun need not always refer to the closest noun. Additionally, 'When they applied ... , scientists... , that their ...' also proves that the pronouns are referring to the same subject - scientists, ambiguously.

All these issues are corrected in 'E'. Underlined the modifiers and subjects for you (always remove the prepositional phrases to see how the subjects and modifiers are used)

(E) Applying a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth enamel, scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   26 Jul 2020, 11:05
In option E, I have a doubt if "scientists have examined molars of prehuman ancestors and determined" is parallel or not. Shoudn't it be "scientists have X and have Y"?
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   02 Aug 2020, 21:14
CrackVerbalGMAT wrote:
Option A - Incorrect

"to examine and determining" -- not parallel.
"The application of a new method ... allows scientists ... to determine that the diets of pre human ancestors were more varied" -- even this does not make sense. This implies that the scientists already knew that the diets of pre human ancestors were more varied and now are just working on the mechanics to show it via experimental results. A better choice of words would be -- "to determine whether".

Option B - Incorrect

the initial modifier "through the application" must refer to a people who performed the application, not to molars.
"the molars of pre human ancestors were examined by scientists who determined that their diets were more varied ...". This is the same as "Scientists who determined that theS diets of pre human ancestors were more varied examined the molars". Seems to imply that those scientists had already determined that fact when they examined the molars. Not logical.

Option C - Incorrect

"when" suggests that "examined" and "applied" occurred in the same time frame. No other relationship is mentioned. However, "applying the method" was HOW scientists "examined". This is made clear in option E.
Also, "determined", "examined", and "were more varied" all seem to happen in the same time frame. Not logical.

Option D - Incorrect

"applying …" nonsensically refers to "molars".
"have been examined" + "who determined" -- this suggests that "determining" happened before the examination.


Hi.

Apart from looking at parallel construction of a sentence, don't we need to look at meaning change?

Other than A, no other sentence gives the same meaning of allows.
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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink] New post   06 Jan 2024, 06:02
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

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Re: The application of a new method for analyzing the chemistry of tooth [#permalink]
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