CrackVerbalGMAT wrote:
1. Which one of the following can be supported by the information given in the passage?
A. Humans are warm-blooded. Not mentioned or implied in the passage. Eliminate.
B. Safety of genetic line is essential for evolution. Correct. This is supported by the following two sentences taken together:
"...what good, evolutionarily speaking, can come of monogamy?"
AND
"...males stayed with one female to ensure their young were not killed by another male, but survived to reproduce to carry on their genetic lineage."
C. Infanticide is the driver of monogamy in primates. Not mentioned or implied in the passage. Eliminate.
D. Ungulate females are intolerant of other females. The passage implies the opposite when it states "in monogamous mammalian species, the females tend to be solitary and intolerant of other females. Unlike those of ungulates, who are rarely monogamous...". Eliminate.
E. Producing as many offspring as possible will ensure genetic progression.While this is indeed desirable, whether it will "ensure" genetic progression is not mentioned or implied in the passage. Eliminate.
2. Which one of the following best describes the content of the passage?
The passage spends most of its time describing various theories of why some mammals, and especially humans, are monogamous. It explores various possible reasons that could explain why these species chose to become monogamous.
A. A chronology of the development of different theories of evolution of human monogamy There is no chronology is the passage. Eliminate.
B. An effort to explore origins of monogamy and questioning human adoption of the practice This appears promising as it is consistent with our thinking above. Let's hold on to this option for now.
C. An argument concerning whether or not monogamy is natural and desirable While this is mentioned in the passage, large parts of the passage do not address this question. Eliminate.
D. An attempt to determine which theory best explains the monogamous behavior of humans This can be considered. However, while several theories and discussed, the relative merits and demerits of them are not discussed. We can hold on, at this point
E. A discussion of how the human monogamy differs from that of other primates This is not discussed in any great length. Eliminate.
Between (B) and (D), I prefer (B) since the passage does not appear to discuss the relative merits and demerits of the various theories, which is essential to "determine which theory best explains the monogamous behavior of humans".
3. All of the following are key aspects of the PNAS study EXCEPT:
A. Nursing mothers delay conception of another offspring. The passage states "The attacking males needed to kill the young so they could breed with its mother, who would delay conception of another offspring if she were nursing". Eliminate.
B. Protecting young from being killed is a necessity for evolution. The passage states "...according to a report in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), suggests that males stayed with one female to ensure their young were not killed by another male, but survived to reproduce to carry on their genetic lineage". Eliminate.
C. Male primates balance between spreading their gene pool and protecting their young from being killed. The passage states "the researchers determined that males balanced the need to spread their gene pool against the need to protect their young from being killed". Eliminate.
D. Kids are of utmost importance in making men move towards monogamy. On this, the passage states "So how important were kids in man’s move towards monogamy?...Human monogamy seems to be both an acquired taste and a social necessity". It appears that kids were not the only or most important factor in the human move to monogamy. Correct answer.
E. Male parental help allows females to reproduce again sooner. The passage states "...the father hung around to protect his genetic line and help raise the young so the mother could reproduce again sooner". Eliminate.
4. It can be inferred from the passage that further research on which one of the following topics will explain origin of human monogamy with greater clarity?
On the origin of human monogamy, the passage states "Human monogamy seems to be both an acquired taste and a social necessity". So any research on "acquired tastes" or "social necessities" could throw more light on this topic.
A. formation of social structure and customs Correct. Consistent with above.
B. whether monogamy is desired On this, the passage states "whether monogamy is natural is less relevant than whether it’s desirable". However, whether this is connected to the "origin of human monogamy" is not clear - it appears to be a separate topic.Eliminate.
C. effect of monogamy on human evolution Unrelated to "origin of human monogamy". Eliminate.
D. how human monogamy differs from monogamy in other species Unrelated to "origin of human monogamy". Eliminate.
E. monogamy in areas with low density female population This is already well researched as per the passage; it is unlikely to throw "greater clarity" on the origin of human monogamy. Eliminate.
Hope this helps.
Question - 1 -
w.r.t option C
Its clearly mentioned in the last line. How do you eliminate the same?