Official Explanation:
First, the "that-which" distinction, about which you can read more here. As a general rule, when a clause is separated by commas from the rest of the sentence, it should use "which", but when it follows the noun modified without the break of a comma, it should use "that." That strongly suggests that (A) and (C) and (E) are not correct.
Let's look at the verb tenses:
(A) has demanded = verb in present perfect tense
(B) demanded = verb in simple past tense
(C) had demanded = verb in past perfect tense
(D) demands = verb in simple present tense
(E) is demanding = verb in present progressive tense
Mozart the person existed in the past, but in this situation, the Mozart piano concertos exist, and they have difficult finger work – in the present, this is the case. This difficult finger work demands incomparable technique, any time that a pianist sits down to play one of these concerti. This is why the sentence uses the present tense verb "have" for the fingerwork. It is a general present condition.
All of this happens at the present time, and could happen today, so the past tense (B) is out.
The past perfect tense indicate an action that happens before another past action, so this is complete inappropriate. (C) is right out.
We do not mean to imply that, right as this sentence is spoken, someone happens to be playing a Mozart concerto right at that moment. That could be true by coincidence, but it is not the intent of the sentence to emphasize that simultaneity, so (E) is out.
The present perfect tense in (A) sounds like we're emphasizing the fact that something has been going on in the past and it's still going on. That's not the tense we use for something that just exists in an ongoing present way. Thus, this is out.
That leaves (D), the simple present tense, as the verb that most aptly describes any action that is generally true in present times though not necessarily true at this precise moment. Choice (D) is the only possible answer.