Last visit was: 03 Jun 2024, 18:28 It is currently 03 Jun 2024, 18:28
Close
GMAT Club Daily Prep
Thank you for using the timer - this advanced tool can estimate your performance and suggest more practice questions. We have subscribed you to Daily Prep Questions via email.

Customized
for You

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History

Track
Your Progress

every week, we’ll send you an estimated GMAT score based on your performance

Practice
Pays

we will pick new questions that match your level based on your Timer History
Not interested in getting valuable practice questions and articles delivered to your email? No problem, unsubscribe here.
Close
Request Expert Reply
Confirm Cancel
SORT BY:
Date
Tags:
Show Tags
Hide Tags
Intern
Intern
Joined: 08 Mar 2017
Posts: 47
Own Kudos [?]: 27 [11]
Given Kudos: 28
Location: India
Concentration: Operations, General Management
GPA: 2.79
WE:Project Management (Manufacturing)
Send PM
Intern
Intern
Joined: 03 Mar 2017
Posts: 2
Own Kudos [?]: 1 [0]
Given Kudos: 6
Send PM
Current Student
Joined: 21 Nov 2013
Posts: 9
Own Kudos [?]: 6 [0]
Given Kudos: 13
Location: India
Concentration: Finance, Economics
Send PM
Intern
Intern
Joined: 08 Mar 2017
Posts: 47
Own Kudos [?]: 27 [1]
Given Kudos: 28
Location: India
Concentration: Operations, General Management
GPA: 2.79
WE:Project Management (Manufacturing)
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
1
Kudos
Why E is wrong?, if apply negation test on E conclusion falls apart. can someone share the detailed expalnation
Intern
Intern
Joined: 22 Apr 2017
Posts: 24
Own Kudos [?]: 1 [1]
Given Kudos: 8
Concentration: General Management, Operations
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
1
Kudos
atulindia wrote:
Why E is wrong?, if apply negation test on E conclusion falls apart. can someone share the detailed expalnation


Not really.

I too selected E. But if you look closer you will find that heat generation per se has nothing to the with the conclusion, but rather one of the premises.

In Assumption, the conclusion MUST be true. So even though option E is true for one of the premise, it is not necessarily true for the conclusion.

The negation test for option A affirms this.
Manager
Manager
Joined: 01 Jan 2019
Posts: 87
Own Kudos [?]: 32 [0]
Given Kudos: 111
Location: Canada
Concentration: Finance, Entrepreneurship
GPA: 3.24
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
If E is negated, clearly I see the conclusion shattering.
But I need explanation how am I failing to negate A?


Please can an expert intervene

Posted from my mobile device
Current Student
Joined: 28 Jan 2019
Posts: 76
Own Kudos [?]: 56 [0]
Given Kudos: 533
Location: India
GMAT 1: 680 Q49 V32
GRE 1: Q166 V164
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
i am struck with options with option 'E',can you please explain how to choose 'A'
Intern
Intern
Joined: 28 Jan 2019
Posts: 36
Own Kudos [?]: 17 [0]
Given Kudos: 20
GMAT 1: 480 Q48 V14
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
Can someone please explain why .... 'E' is wrong..

Posted from my mobile device
Target Test Prep Representative
Joined: 14 Oct 2015
Status:Founder & CEO
Affiliations: Target Test Prep
Posts: 18939
Own Kudos [?]: 22364 [2]
Given Kudos: 285
Location: United States (CA)
Send PM
Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only [#permalink]
2
Kudos
Expert Reply
atulindia wrote:
Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only to disperse heat generated in activities. This heat is generated only because humans move their limbs. Thus orthopedics’ recent discovery that the ancient humans Neanderthals had similar networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies provides evidence for the hypothesis that Neanderthals moved their limbs, just as humans do.

The argument in the passage relies on which of the following assumptions?

A. Neanderthals would not have had networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies if these networks were of no use to Neanderthals.

B. All creatures that moved around by flapping their limbs have networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies.

C. Ancient humans who moved their limbs in flight would have been able to fly more effectively than those humans who did not move their limbs.

D. If Neanderthals moved around by moving their limbs , then orthopedics would certainly be able to find some evidence that they did so.

E. Heat generated by Neanderthals in moving their limbs in motion could not have been dispersed by anything other than the blood vessels in their arteries



In an argument, an assumption is information necessary for connecting that argument's evidence to that argument's conclusion.

So, let's identify the conclusion and evidence.

Conclusion: Neanderthals moved their limbs, just as humans do.

Premise: Networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only to disperse heat generated in activities.

Premise: This heat is generated only because humans move their limbs.

Premise: Neanderthals had similar networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies.

The logic of the argument is based on the fact that networks of blood vessels in humans’ arteries serve only to disperse heat generated in activities. So, these blood vessels (supposedly) have no other function. Thus, it follows that, if Neanderthals had blood vessels, they must have had heat to disperse, and that, therefore, it is likely that Neanderthals generated heat by moving their limbs.

Quote:
A. Neanderthals would not have had networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies if these networks were of no use to Neanderthals.

What this choice says is an assumption necessary for connecting the premises to the conclusion. If what this choice says were not true, then the support for the conclusion would be questionable, because, in that case, it could be that Neanderthals had such blood vessels for no reason at all, and so, the fact that they had blood vessels would not clearly indicate that they moved their limbs.

Quote:
B. All creatures that moved around by flapping their limbs have networks of blood vessels in the arteries of their bodies.

We don't need to assume what this choice says. The connection we need to make is between Neanderthals' having the blood vessels and Neanderthals' moving their limbs. This choice goes in the reverse direction, making a connection between moving limbs and having arteries.

Quote:
C. Ancient humans who moved their limbs in flight would have been able to fly more effectively than those humans who did not move their limbs.

This choice may strengthen the support for the conclusion that Neanderthals' moved their limbs but is not an assumption necessary for connecting the evidence that we already have to the conclusion of this argument.

Quote:
D. If Neanderthals moved around by moving their limbs , then orthopedics would certainly be able to find some evidence that they did so.

We don't need to assume that people would find evidence to connect the evidence that they have found to the conclusion of this argument.

Quote:
E. Heat generated by Neanderthals in moving their limbs in motion could not have been dispersed by anything other than the blood vessels in their arteries.

What this choice says goes in the wrong direction. We need something that connects the fact that Neanderthals had blood vessels to the conclusion that they moved their limbs. This choice suggests that, if Neanderthals did move their limbs, any heat generated by the Neanderthal's moving their limbs must have been dispersed by blood vessels.

Does this assumption have to be correct in order for the argument to work? No. Even if Neanderthals had other ways in which to disperse heat, the fact that they had blood vessels could indicate that they had heat to disperse and that, therefore, it's likely that they moved their limbs.

The only choice that is necessary for connecting the evidence to the conclusion is (A).
User avatar
Non-Human User
Joined: 01 Oct 2013
Posts: 17395
Own Kudos [?]: 854 [0]
Given Kudos: 0
Send PM
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans arteries serve only [#permalink]
Hello from the GMAT Club VerbalBot!

Thanks to another GMAT Club member, I have just discovered this valuable topic, yet it had no discussion for over a year. I am now bumping it up - doing my job. I think you may find it valuable (esp those replies with Kudos).

Want to see all other topics I dig out? Follow me (click follow button on profile). You will receive a summary of all topics I bump in your profile area as well as via email.
GMAT Club Bot
Re: Networks of blood vessels in humans arteries serve only [#permalink]
Moderators:
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
6952 posts
GMAT Club Verbal Expert
238 posts
CR Forum Moderator
820 posts