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Quote:
2: The author of the passage would be most likely to agree with which of the following statements regarding most historians of the antebellum period?

A. They have failed to adequately contrast the differing roles that women played in the Democratic and Whig parties in the 1850’s.
B. They have failed to see that political propaganda advocating women’s political involvement did not reflect the reality of women’s actual roles.
C. They have incorrectly assumed that women’s party loyalty played a small role in Whig and Democratic party politics.
D. They have misinterpreted descriptions of women’s involvement in party politics in records of female associations and women’s personal papers.
E. They have overlooked the role that women’s political activities played in the woman’s rights movement.


Related Text:
However, most historians have underestimated the extent and significance of women’s political allegiance in the antebellum period.

for B
According to Whig propaganda, women who turned out at the party’s rallies gathered information that enabled them to mold party-loyal families, reminded men of moral values that transcended party loyalty, and conferred moral standing on the party. Virginia Democrats, in response, began to make similar appeals to women as well. By the mid-1850’s the inclusion of women in the rituals of party politics had become commonplace and the ideology that justified such inclusion had been assimilated by the Democrats.

Key message:He says that historians have underestimated women's role.

Key Problem:
After knowing the meaning of allegiance is loyalty, I could easily choose C. But in my first attempt, I guessed the meaning of allegiance as involvment . With this understanding, I did choose B.

They (most historians ) have failed to see that political propaganda advocating women’s political involvement did not reflect the reality of women’s actual roles. ( Women’s historians and Political historians underestimated women's role in politics and they moral standing that they brought to the party ).
I was very much convinced with B option. Please help to reject B.

AndrewN VeritasKarishma GMATNinja : please suggest how to reject B and how to deal with C if we don't guess the right meaning of the word.

It doesn't matter even if the meaning of the word "allegiance" is not clear to you. It makes no difference even if you thought it means "involvement"

This is what the author writes:
However, most historians have underestimated the extent and significance of women’s political allegiance in the antebellum period. For example, in the presidential election campaigns of the 1840’s, the Virginia Whig party strove to win the allegiance of Virginia’s women by inviting them to rallies and speeches. According to Whig propaganda, women who turned out at the party’s rallies gathered information that enabled them to mold party-loyal families, reminded men of moral values that transcended party loyalty, and conferred moral standing on the party.

So he thinks that most historians underestimated the significance of women. The Whig party strove to get women involved.

B. They have failed to see that political propaganda advocating women’s political involvement did not reflect the reality of women’s actual roles.

What was the women's actual role - we don't know. We only know what the Whig propaganda said. So did the historians fail to see that political propaganda did not reflect reality - we don't know.

C. They have incorrectly assumed that women’s party loyalty played a small role in Whig and Democratic party politics.

Correct. He says that most historians have underestimated the extent and significance of women’s political allegiance (even if it were involvement instead of allegiance)
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