The new image of Stone Age people as systematic hunters of large anima

Shouldn't ", + including" modify the preceding clause and not any noun in particular. I have read that a comma+ing verb is always used to modify the preceding clause by presenting the how or result aspect of the action that has taken place in the preceding clause.

(D) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, which includes

(E) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including

Hi, i still think D is correct answer, because "which includes" is singular, pairs with "the examination", the "examination" includes the 3 wooden spears, and not the "tools including 3 wooden spears"

The new image of Stone Age people as systematic hunters of large animals, rather than *merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including* three wooden spears that archaeologists believe to be about 400,000 years old.

To Identify the clues from the given information :
The new image - Singular . Now, search for singular verb in option choices.
A- have (plural), B-have(plural). A and B can be eliminated .
(A) merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including



(B) as mere scavenging for meat, have emerged from examining tools found in Germany, which include

(C) as mere meat scavengers, has emerged from examining tools found in Germany that includes
The new image (singular) - prepositional phrase ..., rather than (modifier)..., has emerged .
Looks good at first instance. Keep C

(D) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, which includes
Germany, which -- A big error . which refers back to Germany here .Whether Germany includes wooden spears. Illogical .
D is out

(E) mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including
Looks good . Keep E
Now , compare C and E .
has emerged from examining tools found in Germany that includes
that is the antecedent of tools . tools - plural , so, we should use include instead of includes . So, eliminate C.
Answer is E

in this question "including" won't modify the closest noun , that is - germnay?

very confused as i feel including is only present participle which modifies noun just before it

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