Italian fashion house Prada, which has been among the most

Shouldn't option C say " In 2007, Italian fashion house Prada, which is among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and ..."

First of all Kudos for your detail explaination.

I have one basic question about option C. The sentence in option C starts with in 2007, which changes meaning from the original sentence.

Original sentence provides a general fact that Italian fashion house Prada has been among the most highly regarded clothing and accessories manufacturers. However,

Option C implies that In 2007, prada is among the highly regarded clothing and accessories manufacturer. (not before 2007 and not after 2007)

Isn’t C wrong because it changes the intended meaning of the sentence?

Hi Experts,

Request you to please clear my doubt:

"the Italian fashion house that is among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories"

Explanation Says that:

The modifier “the Italian fashion house that is…” suggests that Prada is the only Italian fashion house among those highly regarded manufacturers; in context, there is no reason to believe that this is the case.

Can anyone tell me how can we reason that Prada is the ONLY Italian Fashion House.

Your help will be appreciated.

Thanks
H

Dear imhimanshu,
This gets into the subtle issue of vital vs. non-vital modifiers. See:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/that-vs-which-on-the-gmat/
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... modifiers/

I don't disagree with what the explanation said, but I don't know that I would say what's wrong with this sentence the same way that the explanation phrased it. Think about the way (B) opens:

Prada, the Italian fashion house that is among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, ....

The appositive phrase "Italian fashion house" is separated by a comma, so it's a non-vital modifier. In other words, we are saying, the name "Prada" is already recognizable, and the words "Italian fashion house" merely add explanation --- they are not necessarily to provide identification. But then, we get a "that" clause, with no comma ---- so we are saying "Prada" doesn't need identification, but when we call it a "Italian fashion house", that needs essentially identification? There's an awkward logical inconsistency in that phrasing.

Does this make sense?
Mike

Thanks for the explanation, but I still have two question. Pls. help.
1. "among....accessories" - what kind of modifier is it?
2. Could it modify the clause "prada surprised"?

Thanks in advance

Dear Dmitriy,
I'm happy to help!

Here's version (C)
In 2007, Italian fashion house Prada, among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, surprised
many insiders by moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam.

The word "among" is a preposition, so what we have here is a prepositional phrase. Prepositional phrase have the core structure
[preposition][noun]
where the noun is called the object of the preposition. That object can be modified by noun modifiers. Here, we have
among = preposition
the most highly regarded = modifiers, modifying the object of the preposition
manufacturers = the object of the preposition
of clothing and accessories = a second prepositional phrase, also modifying the object of the first preposition.

Now, what does this whole thing, "among ... accessories", modify? Prepositional phrases are flexible, and can play one of two roles
(a) adjectival phrase --- like an adjective, they modify a noun
(b) adverbial phrase --- like an adverb, they modify a verb, an action, or an adjective or another adverb
See:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/

Here, the prepositional phrase modifier does not modify the action "surprised" --- it does not describe how or when or why Prada performed the action of surprising. Rather, it describes the noun --- it gives us background information about the noun "Prada", and so in this sentence, the prepositional phrase is playing the role of an adjectival phrase.

Does all this make sense?
Mike

Hi Shraddha,

I fell for B only because that "prep + ing (by moving)" form deceived me. I learned that "prep + ing" is wrong, what is the correct policy?

thanks in advance

Hi there,

It's not correct that preposition + ING word is always incorrect on GMAT. Prepositional phrases such as "by moving", "in two letters", etc. act as modifiers. They modify either a Noun Entity or An Action. Because they can modify both these entities, they must be placed close to the entity they intend to modify. As long as the a prepositional phrase modifies the entity is it supposed to modify without any ambiguity whatsoever, their sage is considered correct.

There may be some cases that certain words cannot be used with certain prepositions. But there is no problem with "by + ING word". As long as they modify the correct intended entity in the sentence, they are fine.

Hope this helps.
Thanks.
Shraddha

Dear gmat6nplus1,
If you don't mind, I would also like to add my two cents on this issue.

First of all, I think it's important to be clear in the terminology. Calling it just an "-ing" word is ambiguous, because the "-ing" form of a verb has three separate roles. See:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/the-ing-form-of-a-verb/
The "-ing" form that acts as a noun and could be the object of a preposition is called a gerund. For more on gerunds and gerund phrases, see:
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-phrases/
It is perfectly correct and acceptable for a gerund to be the object of a preposition: this structure appears in numerous correct answers in the OG. We can use [preposition] + [gerund] as an adjectival phrase, that is to say, as a noun modifier:
I want a chair for reading on the patio.
Without losing the confidence of his men, Washington produced a series of improbable victories.
We also can use [preposition] + [gerund] as an adverbial phrase, that is to say, as a verb modifier:
He learned French by living in Paris for a year.
After winning the battle of Actium, Augustus declared himself Emperor of Rome.
Here's a blog about adjectival phrases & clauses
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/
Here's a blog about adverbial phrases & clauses
https://magoosh.com/gmat/2012/gmat-gramm ... d-clauses/
There are some instances in which the [preposition] + [gerund] is not adequate --- for example, if we try to substitute the full action of a clause with a preposition and verb form, the GMAT doesn't not like that at all.

Does all this make sense?
Mike

A. Italian fashion house Prada, which has been among the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers, surprised
many insidersin moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam in 2007: in moving is wrong

B. Prada, the Italian fashion house that is among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, surprised
many insiders in 2007, moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam:1.the Italian fashion no verb for this
2.incorrect use of ing modidfier

C. In 2007, Italian fashion house Prada, among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, surprised
many insiders by moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam

D. The Italian fashion house Prada, among the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers in 2007,was a
surprise to many insiders when it moved its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam: change of meaning

E. In 2007, surprising many insiders by moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam, the Italian fashion housePrada
was one of the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers:change of meaning

please correct me if i am wrong..

A. Italian fashion house Prada, which has been among the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers, surprised many insiders in moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam in 2007- right idiom in this case would be 'by moving'. Incorrect

B. Prada, the Italian fashion house that is among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, surprised many insiders in 2007, moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam- We may argue that there may be many Italian fashion house and that here could refer to all in general whereas as per the senetence, its Prada we're talking about. Also moving has a missing preposition which makes a modifier which is incorrect.

C. In 2007, Italian fashion house Prada, among the most highly regarded manufacturers of clothing and accessories, surprised many insiders by moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam - Corrcet

D. The Italian fashion house Prada, among the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers in 2007, was a surprise to many insiders when it moved its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam - Was Prada a surprise or its move. Incorrect

E. In 2007, surprising many insiders by moving its sneaker production overseas to Vietnam, the Italian fashion house Prada was one of the most highly regarded clothing and accessory manufacturers- Is Prada currently not one of the most highly regarded manufacturers. Incorrect

Hence C

Hello Egmat team,

Is the use of verb-ing modifier in option B correct?
In my opinion the doer of the action is same (Prada) and the tells the how aspect. I am still not too sure on whats the actual error in B.

Could you please help.

Thanks

The sentence is wrong as it is using "in moving" instead of "by moving"
The option B & C are the main contenders but in the option B "that is" is completely unnecessary while the option C is the best option and completely right

Hello egmat team, could you please explain how is option B wrong?

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I have the same doubt. I selected B as I thought it is much clearer than C. Any expert?