chesstitans wrote:
A researcher has discovered that steel containing Element X is stronger and more flexible than ordinary steel because Element X reduces the occurrence of microscopic fractures. The level of Element X in much of the steel produced in Canada is naturally high because the ore deposits from which the steel is produced also contain Element X.
Which of the following can be correctly inferred from the statements above?
A) Steel from Canada is stronger and more flexible than steel from any other country.
B) Steel that is not from Canada is highly likely to develop microscopic fractures after years of use.
C) Producing steel from ore deposits containing Element X is the best way to make steel that is stronger and more flexible.
D) Some steel produced in Canada is less likely to develop microscopic fractures than other steel.
E) Steel produced from Canadian ore deposits contains the highest levels of Element X found in any steel.
KAPLAN OFFICIAL EXPLANATION:
D
We need to find the choice that must logically follow if the stimulus is true. If making steel with Element X reduces the level of microscopic fractures, and if some Canadian steel contains Element X, it follows that some Canadian steel will be less likely to develop such fractures. So (D) can be inferred.
(A) is out of scope and uses extreme language; we can't compare all Canadian steel to all the steel from all other countries. (B) wrongly introduces the idea of "years of use" and "not from Canada," which are outside the scope of the stimulus; we only know specifics about some, not all, Canadian steel and nothing about when fractures might develop. (C) and (E) are too extreme—the stimulus never says steel from ore deposits rich in Element X is the "best," or that it contains more Element X than any other steel.