deepak1990verma wrote:
Hi Meghna ,
Thanks for your reply
,
I agree that subject of verb "is caused " is "that ",but my confusion rose because of another S-V pair "most scientists agree " after "that " .
a phenomenon that
most scientists agree is caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuels
Without that S-V pair ,our sentence is ,
a phenomenon that is caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuels ---------> "that"----subject ,"is caused " -----verb .
If we insert that S-V pair "most scientists agree "
a phenomenon that most scientists agree is caused by .........
Meaning :
scientists also agree on the same point that phenomena is caused by ......
So my confusion still remains ----> "that " ---used as a connector , "that" ---used as a modifier of "phenomena" , or both .
Am I missing something over here .
Thanks in advance ,
Deepak
Dear Deepak,
I'm happy to respond.
The word "
that" is tricky --- sometimes it is purely a subordinate conjunction, followed by a full
[noun]+[verb] clause, and sometime is a relative pronoun, and therefore acts as the subject (or some other noun role) within the clause. In this latter role, as a pronoun, it must have an antecedent.
The "
that" in this sentence is in this latter role. It is a relative pronoun and it is the subject of the verb "
is caused"; its antecedent is the noun "
phenomenon". Relative pronouns often play this role.
... a phenomenon that is caused by human beings' burning of fossil fuels .... ... a man who collects baseball cards ...... a book that explains gravity ...... the composer who wrote the opera Carmen ...In every case, the red word is a relative pronoun: it begins a clause, it is the subject of the clause, and the antecedent of the pronoun is the noun that the clause modifies.
The little addition "
most scientists agree" confuses issues. This is a somewhat informal and colloquial phrasing, and I don't know that you would see that in the formal language of the GMAT.
Your use of "
that", as a simple noun modifier ---- as in "
that phenomenon" ---- is yet another use of the word, but definitely not its role in the sentence under discussion here.
Does all this make sense?
Mike