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C is a trap; there is a common pattern that "appeal to authority/ expert".
In this question, B shows that pattern.
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In B how do we assume that accusations were from the Chief of Police?
In the premise, Police Captain claims that with certainty that no officers involved in graft (through gifts that is) -- this should include all cases those accused and otherwise. Can we take this claim as a fact?


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In B how do we assume that accusations were from the Chief of Police?
In the premise, Police Captain claims that with certainty that no officers involved in graft (through gifts that is) -- this should include all cases those accused and otherwise. Can we take this claim as a fact?


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This error is very common. When you hear some one says:
The scientists say that.....
I have a book that says......
I read a newspaper that says......
I saw on TV.........
From my own experience, I think.......

Here is one gmat question showing the similar pattern, https://gmatclub.com/forum/brunhilda-ec ... 54629.html
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Police captain: The chief of police has indicated that gifts of cash or objects valued at more than $100 count as graft. However, I know with certainty that no officer in my precinct has ever taken such gifts, so the recent accusations of graft in my precinct are unfounded
The reasoning in the police captain's argument is most vulnerable to criticism on the grounds that the argument

(A) bases a rebuttal of accusations of graft on knowledge about only a limited sample of officers the officer would kow how many officers work under him and the rebuttal must be based on the exact numbers and not just on some sample.
(B) fails to consider that there may be other instances of graft besides those indicated by the chief of police Correct answer
(C) bases a claim about the actions of individuals on an appeal to the character of those individuals the character of individuals is out of scope.
(D) takes for granted that if the accusations of graft are unfounded, so is any accusation of corruption Corruption comparison is out of scope.
(E) relies on a premise that contradicts the conclusion drawn in the argument
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I always struggle in question like this .
Please suggest how to tackle question like this .
I have seen many more questions of such kind on the forum .
Thanks in advance .
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(A) bases a rebuttal of accusations of graft on knowledge about only a limited sample of officers - the chief of police is concerned with cases of graft within his/her precinct. So is the police captain. Hence, the idea that the police captain bases his argument on a limited sample is incorrect since the captain (and the chief) make comments regarding graft cases that occur within their own precinct.
(B) fails to consider that there may be other instances of graft besides those indicated by the chief of police - the chief makes a claim of graft cases valued over $100 and it is this claim that the captain basis his/her argument on. But the captains argument fails to consider those ''graft'' cases valued at less that $100. Hence, (B) is the right answer choice.


(C) bases a claim about the actions of individuals on an appeal to the character of those individuals
- the police captain does not stake such a claim.
(D) takes for granted that if the accusations of graft are unfounded, so is any accusation of corruption
- the captain does not make such inferences.
(E) relies on a premise that contradicts the conclusion drawn in the argument
- no such premise in the argument contradicts the conclusion of the argument.
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